A universal C*-algebra of the electromagnetic field is constructed. It is represented in any quantum field theory which incorporates electromagnetism and expresses basic features of this field such as Maxwells equations, Poincare covariance and Einstein causality. Moreover, topological properties of the field resulting from Maxwells equations are encoded in the algebra, leading to commutation relations with values in its center. The representation theory of the algebra is discussed with focus on vacuum representations, fixing the dynamics of the field.
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