Island Shape Controls Magic-Size Effect for Heteroepitaxial Diffusion

Lattice mismatch of Cu on Ag(111) produces fast diffusion for special magic sizes of islands. A size- and shape-dependent reptation mechanism is responsible for low diffusion barriers. Initiating the reptation mechanism requires a suitable island shape, a property not considered in previous studies of 1D island chains and 2D closed-shell islands. Shape determines the dominant diffusion mechanism and leads to multiple clearly identifiable magic-size trends for diffusion depending on the number of atoms whose bonds are shortened during diffusion.