We present experimental, numerical and theoretical studies of a vortex front propagating into a region of vortex-free flow of rotating superfluid 3He-B. We show that the nature of the front changes from laminar through quasi-classical turbulent to quantum turbulent with decreasing temperature. Our experiment provides the first direct measurement of the dissipation rate in turbulent vortex dynamics of 3He-B and demonstrates that the dissipation is temperature- and mutual friction-independent in the T->0 limit, and is strongly suppressed when the Kelvin-wave cascade on vortex lines is predicted to be involved in the turbulent energy transfer to smaller length scales.
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