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The popularity, cost-effectiveness and ease of information exchange that electronic mails offer to electronic device users has been plagued with the rising number of unsolicited or spam emails. Driven by the need to protect email users from this growing menace, research in spam email filtering/detection systems has being increasingly active in the last decade. However, the adaptive nature of spam emails has often rendered most of these systems ineffective. While several spam detection models have been reported in literature, the reported performance on an out of sample test data shows the room for more improvement. Presented in this research is an improved spam detection model based on Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) which to the best of our knowledge has received little attention spam email detection problems. Experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms earlier approaches across a wide range of evaluation metrics. A thorough analysis of the model results in comparison to the results of earlier works is also presented.
Recently, Google and other 24 institutions proposed a series of open challenges towards federated learning (FL), which include application expansion and homomorphic encryption (HE). The former aims to expand the applicable machine learning models of
Nowadays, with the rise of Internet access and mobile devices around the globe, more people are using social networks for collaboration and receiving real-time information. Twitter, the microblogging that is becoming a critical source of communicatio
Space weather events may cause damage to several fields, including aviation, satellites, oil and gas industries, and electrical systems, leading to economic and commercial losses. Solar flares are one of the most significant events, and refer to sudd
Cybersecurity is a domain where the data distribution is constantly changing with attackers exploring newer patterns to attack cyber infrastructure. Intrusion detection system is one of the important layers in cyber safety in todays world. Machine le
Cyber attacks pose crucial threats to computer system security, and put digital treasuries at excessive risks. This leads to an urgent call for an effective intrusion detection system that can identify the intrusion attacks with high accuracy. It is