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We demonstrate a weak continuous measurement of the pseudo-spin associated with the clock transition in a sample of Cs atoms. Our scheme uses an optical probe tuned near the D1 transition to measure the sample birefringence, which depends on the z-component of the collective pseudospin. At certain probe frequencies the differential light shift of the clock states vanishes and the measurement is non-perturbing. In dense samples the measurement can be used to squeeze the collective clock pseudo-spin, and has potential to improve the performance of atomic clocks and interferometers.
Quantum error correction is of crucial importance for fault-tolerant quantum computers. As an essential step towards the implementation of quantum error-correcting codes, quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements are needed to efficiently detect the
Quantum non-demolition (QND) measurement is a remarkable tool for the manipulation of quantum systems. It allows specific information to be extracted while still preserving fragile quantum observables of the system. Here we apply cavity-based QND mea
Quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements improve sensitivity by evading measurement back-action. The technique was first proposed to detect mechanical oscillations in gravity wave detectors,and demonstrated in the measurement of optical fields, lead
An extensive debate on quantum non-demolition (QND) measurement, reviewed in Grangier et al. [Nature, {bf 396}, 537 (1998)], finds that true QND measurements must have both non-classical state-preparation capability and non-classical information-dama
We discuss monitoring the time evolution of an analog quantum simulator via a quantum non-demolition (QND) coupling to an auxiliary `clock qubit. The QND variable of interest is the `energy of the quantum many-body system, represented by the Hamilton