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Observed X-ray spectra of hot gas in clusters, groups, and individual galaxies are commonly fit with a single-temperature thermal plasma model even though the beam may contain emission from components with different temperatures. Recently, Mazzotta et al. pointed out that thus derived T_spec can be significantly different from commonly used definitions of average temperature, such as emission- or emission measure-weighted T, and found an analytic expression for predicting T_spec for a mixture of plasma spectra with relatively hot temperatures (T>3 keV). In this Paper, we propose an algorithm which can accurately predict T_spec in a much wider range of temperatures (T>0.5 keV), and for essentially arbitrary abundance of heavy elements. This algorithm can be applied in the deprojection analysis of objects with the temperature and metallicity gradients, for correction of the PSF effects, for consistent comparison of numerical simulations of galaxy clusters and groups with the X-ray observations, and for estimating how emission from undetected components can bias the global X-ray spectral analysis.
Thermal plasma of solar atmosphere includes a wide range of temperatures. This plasma is often quantified, both in observations and models, by a differential emission measure (DEM). DEM is a distribution of the thermal electron density square over te
A generic method to estimate the relative feasibility of formation of high entropy compounds in a single phase, directly from first principles, is developed. As a first step, the relative formation abilities of 56 multi-component, AO, oxides were eva
We derive self-consistent formalism for the description of multi-component partially ionized solar plasma, by means of the coupled equations for the charged and neutral components for an arbitrary number of chemical species, and the radiation field.
The signal measured by an astronomical spectrometer may be due to radiation from a multi-component mixture of plasmas with a range of physical properties (e.g. temperature, Doppler velocity). Confusion between multiple components may be exacerbated i
Meteorites with known orbital origins are key to our understanding of Solar System formation and the source of life on Earth. However, these pristine samples of space material are incredibly rare. Less than 40 of the 60,000 meteorites held in collect