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Many high power electronic devices operate in a regime where the current they draw is limited by the self-fields of the particles. This space-charge-limited current poses particular challenges for numerical modeling where common techniques like over-emission or Gauss Law are computationally inefficient or produce nonphysical effects. In this paper we show an algorithm using the value of the electric field in front of the surface instead of attempting to zero the field at the surface, making the algorithm particularly well suited to both electromagnetic and parallel implementations of the PIC algorithm. We show how the algorithm is self-consistent within the framework of finite difference (for both electrostatics and electromagnetics). We show several 1D and 2D benchmarks against both theory and previous computational results. Finally we show application in 3D to high power microwave generation in a 13 GHz magnetically insulated line oscillator.
This paper discusses temporally continuous and discrete forms of the speed-limited particle-in-cell (SLPIC) method first treated by Werner et al. [Phys. Plasmas 25, 123512 (2018)]. The dispersion relation for a 1D1V electrostatic plasma whose fast pa
A massively parallel simulation code, called textit{dHybrid}, has been developed to perform global scale studies of space plasma interactions. This code is based on an explicit hybrid model; the numerical stability and parallel scalability of the cod
Upon inclusion of collisions, the speed-limited particle-in-cell (SLPIC) simulation method successfully computed the Paschen curve for argon. The simulations modelled an electron cascade across an argon-filled capacitor, including electron-neutral io
Experimental observations have long-established that there exists a smooth roll-off or knee transition between the temperature-limited (TL) and full-space-charge-limited (FSCL) emission regions of the emission current density-temperature J-T (Miram)
Ethyl-hexyl substituted polyfluorene (PF) with its high level of molecular disorder can be described very well by one-carrier space-charge-limited conduction for a discrete set of trap levels with energy $sim$ 0.5 eV above the valence band edge. Swee