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Thin dielectric elastomers with compliant electrodes exhibit various types of instability under the action of electromechanical loading. Guided by the thermodynamically-based formulation of Fosdick and Tang (J. Elasticity 88, 255-297, 2007), here we provide an energetic perspective on the stability of dielectric elastomers and we highlight the fundamental energetic divide between voltage control and charge control. By using the concept of energy relaxation, we describe wrinkling for neo-Hookean ideal elastomers, and we show that in voltage control wrinkling is stable as long as the tension-extension inequality holds, whereas wrinkling is always stable in charge control. We finally illustrate some examples involving both homogeneous and inhomogeneous deformations, showing that the type and hierarchy of instabilities taking place in dielectric membranes can be tuned by suitable choices of the boundary conditions.
We investigate the influence of curvature and topology on crystalline wrinkling patterns in generic elastic bilayers. Our numerical analysis predicts that the total number of defects created by adiabatic compression exhibits universal quadratic scali
Quantum dots are artificial atoms used for a multitude of purposes. Charge defects are commonly present and can significantly perturb the designed energy spectrum and purpose of the dots. Voltage controlled exchange energy in silicon double quantum d
We discuss shape profiles emerging in inhomogeneous growth of squeezed tissues. Two approaches are used simultaneously: i) conformal embedding of two-dimensional domain with hyperbolic metrics into the plane, and ii) a pure energetic consideration ba
We demonstrate a voltage-controlled exchange bias effect in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions that is related to the interfacial Fe(Co)Ox formed between the CoFeB electrodes and the MgO barrier. The unique combination of interfacial antiferro
Electrical faults are in most cases dramatic events for magnets, due to the large stored energy which is potentially available to be dissipated at the fault location. After a reminder of the principles of electrostatics in Section 1, the basic mechan