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Characterizing the appearance of real-world surfaces is a fundamental problem in multidimensional reflectometry, computer vision and computer graphics. For many applications, appearance is sufficiently well characterized by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). We treat BRDF measurements as samples of points from high-dimensional non-linear non-convex manifolds. BRDF manifolds form an infinite-dimensional space, but typically the available measurements are very scarce for complicated problems such as BRDF estimation. Therefore, an efficient learning strategy is crucial when performing the measurements. In this paper, we build the foundation of a mathematical framework that allows to develop and apply new techniques within statistical design of experiments and generalized proactive learning, in order to establish more efficient sampling and measurement strategies for BRDF data manifolds.
Normalizing flows are invertible neural networks with tractable change-of-volume terms, which allows optimization of their parameters to be efficiently performed via maximum likelihood. However, data of interest is typically assumed to live in some (
We introduce manifold-learning flows (M-flows), a new class of generative models that simultaneously learn the data manifold as well as a tractable probability density on that manifold. Combining aspects of normalizing flows, GANs, autoencoders, and
Active learning is a powerful tool when labelling data is expensive, but it introduces a bias because the training data no longer follows the population distribution. We formalize this bias and investigate the situations in which it can be harmful an
We present a study of kernel MMD two-sample test statistics in the manifold setting, assuming the high-dimensional observations are close to a low-dimensional manifold. We characterize the property of the test (level and power) in relation to the ker
This paper is part of an ongoing program to develop a theory of generalized differential geometry. We consider the space $mathcal{G}[X,Y]$ of Colombeau generalized functions defined on a manifold $X$ and taking values in a manifold $Y$. This space is