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Engagement is a key indicator of the quality of learning experience, and one that plays a major role in developing intelligent educational interfaces. Any such interface requires the ability to recognise the level of engagement in order to respond appropriately; however, there is very little existing data to learn from, and new data is expensive and difficult to acquire. This paper presents a deep learning model to improve engagement recognition from images that overcomes the data sparsity challenge by pre-training on readily available basic facial expression data, before training on specialised engagement data. In the first of two steps, a facial expression recognition model is trained to provide a rich face representation using deep learning. In the second step, we use the models weights to initialize our deep learning based model to recognize engagement; we term this the engagement model. We train the model on our new engagement recognition dataset with 4627 engaged and disengaged samples. We find that the engagement model outperforms effective deep learning architectures that we apply for the first time to engagement recognition, as well as approaches using histogram of oriented gradients and support vector machines.
Facial expression recognition from videos in the wild is a challenging task due to the lack of abundant labelled training data. Large DNN (deep neural network) architectures and ensemble methods have resulted in better performance, but soon reach sat
Despite their continued popularity, categorical approaches to affect recognition have limitations, especially in real-life situations. Dimensional models of affect offer important advantages for the recognition of subtle expressions and more fine-gra
Micro-expressions (MEs) are involuntary facial movements revealing peoples hidden feelings in high-stake situations and have practical importance in medical treatment, national security, interrogations and many human-computer interaction systems. Ear
We present an approach that combines automatic features learned by convolutional neural networks (CNN) and handcrafted features computed by the bag-of-visual-words (BOVW) model in order to achieve state-of-the-art results in facial expression recogni
This paper proposes to expand the visual understanding capacity of computers by helping it recognize human sign language more efficiently. This is carried out through recognition of facial expressions, which accompany the hand signs used in this lang