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The four-electron oxygen reduction reaction on Pt catalyst in alkaline solution undergoes proton transfer via tunneling mechanism. The hydrogen/deuterium kinetic isotopic rate constant ratio (kH/kD ) = 32 in a low overpotential region, indicating the importance of the quantum-proton-tunneling at the rate-determining step (RDS). However, kH/kD goes down to 3 in a high overpotential region, suggesting the classical proton-transfer (PT) scheme. Therefore, there is a quantum-to-classical transition of PT process as a function of potential, which is confirmed by theoretical study.
Active, selective and stable catalysts are imperative for sustainable energy conversion, and engineering materials with such properties are highly desired. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) offer a vast compositional space for tuning such properties. Too va
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