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Artificial gauge fields are currently realized in a wide range of physical settings. This includes solid-state devices but also engineered systems, such as photonic crystals, ultracold gases and mechanical setups. It is the aim of this review to offer, for the first time, a unified view on these various forms of artificial electromagnetic fields and spin-orbit couplings for matter and light. This topical review provides a general introduction to the universal concept of engineered gauge fields, in a form which is accessible to young researchers entering the field. Moreover, this work aims to connect different communities, by revealing explicit links between the diverse forms and realizations of artificial gauge fields.
Electrons in low-temperature solids are governed by the non-relativistic Schr$ddot{o}$dinger equation, since the electron velocities are much slower than the speed of light. Remarkably, the low-energy quasi-particles given by electrons in various mat
Mobile quantum impurities interacting with a fermionic bath form quasiparticles known as Fermi polarons. We demonstrate that a force applied to the bath particles can generate a drag force of similar magnitude acting on the impurities, realizing a no
This article is a report of Projet bibliographique of M1 at Ecole Normale Superieure. In this article we reviewed the historical developments in artificial gauge fields and spin-orbit couplings in cold atom systems. We resorted to origins of literatu
Quantum technology has made tremendous strides over the past two decades with remarkable advances in materials engineering, circuit design and dynamic operation. In particular, the integration of different quantum modules has benefited from hybrid qu
A uniaxial strain applied to graphene-like materials moves the Dirac nodes along the boundary of the Brillouin zone. An extreme case is the merging of the Dirac node positions to a single degenerate spectral node which gives rise to a new topological