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The principles behind the computation of protein-ligand binding free energies by Monte Carlo integration are described in detail. The simulation provides gas-phase binding free energies that can be converted to aqueous energies by solvation corrections. The direct integration simulation has several characteristics beneficial to free-energy calculations. One is that the number of parameters that must be set for the simulation is small and can be determined objectively, making the outcome more deterministic, with respect to choice of input conditions, as compared to perturbation methods. Second, the simulation is free from assumptions about the starting pose or nature of the binding site. A final benefit is that binding free energies are a direct outcome of the simulation, and little processing is required to determine them. The well-studied T4 lysozyme experimental free energy data and crystal structures were used to evaluate the method.
Using Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the structural characteristics of an interacting hard sphere system with shifted charge to elucidate the effect of the non-centrosymmetric interaction on its phase behavior. Two different phase transition
We describe a Monte Carlo procedure which allows sampling of the disjoint configuration spaces associated with crystalline and fluid phases, within a single simulation. The method utilises biased sampling techniques to enhance the probabilities of ga
In this paper we consider the problem of RNA folding with pseudoknots. We use a graphical representation in which the secondary structures are described by planar diagrams. Pseudoknots are identified as non-planar diagrams. We analyze the non-planar
Some of the most arduous and error-prone aspects of precision resummed calculations are related to the partonic hard process, having nothing to do with the resummation. In particular, interfacing to parton-distribution functions, combining various ch
We report results of both Diffusion Quantum Monte Carlo(DMC) method and Reptation Quantum Monte Carlo(RMC) method on the potential energy curve of the helium dimer. We show that it is possible to obtain a highly accurate description of the helium dim