ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
Present-day developments, in electrical power transmission and distribution, require considerations of the status quo. In other meaning, international regulations enforce increasing of reliability and reducing of environment impact, correspondingly they motivate developing of dependable systems. Power grids especially intelligent (smart grids) ones become industrial solutions that follow standardized development. The International standardization, in the field of power transmission and distribution, improve technology influences. The rise of dedicated standards for SAS (Substation Automation Systems) communications, such as the leading International Electro-technical Commission standard IEC 61850, enforces modern technological trends in this field. Within this standard, a constraint of low ETE (End-to-End) latency should be respected, and time-critical status transmission must be achieved. This experimental study emphasis on IEC 61850 SAS communication standard, e.g. IEC 61850 GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Events), to implement an investigational method to determine the protection communication delay. This method observes GOOSE behaviour by adopting monitoring and analysis capabilities. It is observed by using network test equipment, i.e. SPAN (Switch Port Analyser) and TAP (Test Access Point) devices, with on-the-shelf available hardware and software solutions.
Ultra-low latency supported by the fifth generation (5G) give impetus to the prosperity of many wireless network applications, such as autonomous driving, robotics, telepresence, virtual reality and so on. Ultra-low latency is not achieved in a momen
This paper has been withdrawn by the authors.
The growing use of aerial user equipments (UEs) in various applications requires ubiquitous and reliable connectivity for safe control and data exchange between these devices and ground stations. Key questions that need to be addressed when planning
Industry 4.0 applications foster new business opportunities but they also pose new and challenging requirements, such as low latency communications and highly reliable systems. They enable to exploit novel wireless technologies (5G), but it would als
Measuring and evaluating network resilience has become an important aspect since the network is vulnerable to both uncertain disturbances and malicious attacks. Networked systems are often composed of many dynamic components and change over time, whi