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Let $Gamma$ be a compact metric graph, and denote by $Delta$ the Laplace operator on $Gamma$ with the first non-trivial eigenvalue $lambda_1$. We prove the following Yang-Li-Yau type inequality on divisorial gonality $gamma_{div}$ of $Gamma$. There is a universal constant $C$ such that [gamma_{div}(Gamma) geq C frac{mu(Gamma) . ell_{min}^{mathrm{geo}}(Gamma). lambda_1(Gamma)}{d_{max}},] where the volume $mu(Gamma)$ is the total length of the edges in $Gamma$, $ell_{min}^{mathrm{geo}}$ is the minimum length of all the geodesic paths between points of $Gamma$ of valence different from two, and $d_{max}$ is the largest valence of points of $Gamma$. Along the way, we also establish discre
According to a well-know theorem by Sturm, a vibrating string is divided into exactly N nodal intervals by zeros of its N-th eigenfunction. Courant showed that one half of Sturms theorem for the strings applies to the theory of membranes: N-th eigenf
Let $(S,mathcal L)$ be a smooth, irreducible, projective, complex surface, polarized by a very ample line bundle $mathcal L$ of degree $d > 35$. In this paper we prove that $K^2_Sgeq -d(d-6)$. The bound is sharp, and $K^2_S=-d(d-6)$ if and only if $d
Let $(S,mathcal L)$ be a smooth, irreducible, projective, complex surface, polarized by a very ample line bundle $mathcal L$ of degree $d > 25$. In this paper we prove that $chi (mathcal O_S)geq -frac{1}{8}d(d-6)$. The bound is sharp, and $chi (mathc
By considering graphs as discrete analogues of Riemann surfaces, Baker and Norine (Adv. Math. 2007) developed a concept of linear systems of divisors for graphs. Building on this idea, a concept of gonality for graphs has been defined and has generat
Here we prove that the Hilbert-Kunz mulitiplicity of a quadric hypersurface of dimension $d$ and odd characteristic $pgeq 2d-4$ is bounded below by $1+m_d$, where $m_d$ is the $d^{th}$ coefficient in the expansion of $mbox{sec}+mbox{tan}$. This prove