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By considering graphs as discrete analogues of Riemann surfaces, Baker and Norine (Adv. Math. 2007) developed a concept of linear systems of divisors for graphs. Building on this idea, a concept of gonality for graphs has been defined and has generated much recent interest. We show that there are connected graphs of treewidth 2 of arbitrarily high gonality. We also show that there exist pairs of connected graphs ${G,H}$ such that $Hsubseteq G$ and $H$ has strictly lower gonality than $G$. These results resolve three open problems posed in a recent survey by Norine (Surveys in Combinatorics 2015).
A star $k$-coloring is a proper $k$-coloring where the union of two color classes induces a star forest. While every planar graph is 4-colorable, not every planar graph is star 4-colorable. One method to produce a star 4-coloring is to partition the
Sparse graphs and their associated matroids play an important role in rigidity theory, where they capture the combinatorics of generically rigid structures. We define a new family called {bf graded sparse graphs}, arising from generically pinned (com
An (improper) graph colouring has defect $d$ if each monochromatic subgraph has maximum degree at most $d$, and has clustering $c$ if each monochromatic component has at most $c$ vertices. This paper studies defective and clustered list-colourings fo
A {bf map} is a graph that admits an orientation of its edges so that each vertex has out-degree exactly 1. We characterize graphs which admit a decomposition into $k$ edge-disjoint maps after: (1) the addition of {it any} $ell$ edges; (2) the additi
The blow-up lemma states that a system of super-regular pairs contains all bounded degree spanning graphs as subgraphs that embed into a corresponding system of complete pairs. This lemma has far-reaching applications in extremal combinatorics. We