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We present a complex probability measure relevant for double (pairs of) states in quantum mechanics, as an extension of the standard probability measure for single states that underlies Borns statistical rule. When the double states are treated as the initial and final states of a quantum process, we find that Aharonovs weak value, which has acquired a renewed interest as a novel observable quantity inherent in the process, arises as an expectation value associated with the probability measure. Despite being complex, our measure admits the physical interpretation as mixed processes, i.e., an ensemble of processes superposed with classical probabilities.
Large weak values have been used to amplify the sensitivity of a linear response signal for detecting changes in a small parameter, which has also enabled a simple method for precise parameter estimation. However, producing a large weak value require
Complex quantum trajectories, which were first obtained from a modified de Broglie-Bohm quantum mechanics, demonstrate that Borns probability axiom in quantum mechanics originates from dynamics itself. We show that a normalisable probability density
We improve the precision of the interferometric weak-value-based beam deflection measurement by introducing a power recycling mirror, creating a resonant cavity. This results in emph{all} the light exiting to the detector with a large deflection, thu
We present an interferometric technique for measuring ultra-small tilts. The information of a tilt in one of the mirrors of a modified Sagnac interferometer is carried by the phase difference between the counter propagating laser beams. Using a small
The quantizer-dequantizer formalism is developed for mean value and probability representation of qubits and qutrits. We derive the star-product kernels providing the possibility to derive explicit expressions of the associative product of the symbol