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Viewing Einsteins theory as the gauge theory of Lorentz group, we construct the most general vacuum connections which have vanishing curvature tensor and show that the vacuum space-time can be classified by the knot topology $pi_3(S^3)simeq pi_3(S^2)$ of $pi_3(SO(3,1))$. With this we obtain the gauge independent vacuum decomposition of Einsteins theory to the vacuum and gauge covariant physical parts. We discuss the physical implications of our result in quantum gravity.
A number of recent observations have suggested that the Einsteins theory of general relativity may not be the ultimate theory of gravity. The f(R) gravity model with R being the scalar curvature turns out to be one of the best bet to surpass the gene
This article examines how the physical presence of field energy and particulate matter could influence the topological properties of space time. The theory is developed in terms of vector and matrix equations of exterior differential forms. The topol
Under a weak assumption of the existence of a geodesic null congruence, we present the general solution of the Einstein field equations in three dimensions with any value of the cosmological constant, admitting an aligned null matter field, and also
The Einstein-Aether (EA) theory belongs to a class of modified gravity theories characterized by the introduction of a time-like unit vector field, called aether. In this scenario, a preferred frame arises as a natural consequence of a broken Lorentz
Topology in momentum space is the main characteristics of the ground states of a system at zero temperature, the quantum vacua. The gaplessness of fermions in bulk, on the surface or inside the vortex core is protected by topology. Irrespective of th