اشترك بالحزمة الذهبية واحصل على وصول غير محدود شمرا أكاديميا
تسجيل مستخدم جديدLong standing problem of 210Bi and the realistic neutron-proton effective interaction
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The odd-odd nucleus 210Bi is studied within the framework of the shell model using effective two-body matrix elements derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential. The experimental energies of the proton-neutron multiplet ph9/2 ng9/2 are remarkably well reproduced by the theory, which accounts for the 1- state being the ground state instead of the 0- predicted by the Nordheim strong coupling rule. It is shown that the core-polarization effects are crucial to produce this inversion. The similarity between neutron-proton multiplets in the 132Sn and 208Pb regions is discussed in connection with the effective interaction.
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The multirank separable kernels of the neutron-proton interaction for uncoupled $S$ and $P$ partial waves (with the total angular momentum $J$=0,1) are proposed. Two different methods of a relativistic generalization of initially nonrelativistic form
factors parametrizing the kernel are considered. Using the constructed kernels the experimental data for phase shifts in the elastic neutron-proton scattering for the laboratory energy up to 3 GeV and low-energy parameters are described. The comparison of our results with other model calculations are presented.
Within a covariant Bethe-Salpeter approach, the relativistic complex separable neutron-proton interaction kernel is proposed. The uncoupled partial-wave states with the total angular momentum $J$=0,1 are considered. The multirank separable potentials
elaborated earlier are real-valued and, therefore, enable to describe the elastic part (phase shifts, low-energy parameters, etc.) of the scattering only. The description of the inelasticity parameter comes out of the imaginary part introduced into them. To obtain parameters of the complex potentials the elastic neutron-proton scattering experimental data up to 3 GeV are used. A signal of dybaryon resonances in the $^3P_0^+$ partial-wave state is discussed.
Background: Odd-odd nuclei, around doubly closed shells, have been extensively used to study proton-neutron interactions. However, the evolution of these interactions as a function of the binding energy, ultimately when nuclei become unbound, is poor
ly known. The $^{26}$F nucleus, composed of a deeply bound $pi0d_{5/2}$ proton and an unbound $ u0d_{3/2}$ neutron on top of an $^{24}$O core, is particularly adapted for this purpose. The coupling of this proton and neutron results in a $J^{pi} = 1^{+}_1 - 4^{+}_1$ multiplet, whose energies must be determined to study the influence of the proximity of the continuum on the corresponding proton-neutron interaction. The $J^{pi} = 1^{+}_1, 2^{+}_1,4^{+}_1$ bound states have been determined, and only a clear identification of the $J^{pi} =3^{+}_1$ is missing.Purpose: We wish to complete the study of the $J^{pi} = 1^{+}_1 - 4^{+}_1$ multiplet in $^{26}$F, by studying the energy and width of the $J^{pi} =3^{+}_1$ unbound state. The method was firstly validated by the study of unbound states in $^{25}$F, for which resonances were already observed in a previous experiment.Method: Radioactive beams of $^{26}$Ne and $^{27}$Ne, produced at about $440A$,MeV by the FRagment Separator at the GSI facility, were used to populate unbound states in $^{25}$F and $^{26}$F via one-proton knockout reactions on a CH$_2$ target, located at the object focal point of the R$^3$B/LAND setup. The detection of emitted $gamma$-rays and neutrons, added to the reconstruction of the momentum vector of the $A-1$ nuclei, allowed the determination of the energy of three unbound states in $^{25}$F and two in $^{26}$F. Results: Based on its width and decay properties, the first unbound state in $^{25}$F is proposed to be a $J^{pi} = 1/2^-$ arising from a $p_{1/2}$ proton-hole state. In $^{26}$F, the first resonance at 323(33)~keV is proposed to be the $J^{pi} =3^{+}_1$ member of the $J^{pi} = 1^{+}_1 - 4^{+}_1$ multiplet. Energies of observed states in $^{25,26}$F have been compared to calculations using the independent-particle shell model, a phenomenological shell-model, and the ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group method.Conclusions: The deduced effective proton-neutron interaction is weakened by about 30-40% in comparison to the models, pointing to the need of implementing the role of the continuum in theoretical descriptions, or to a wrong determination of the atomic mass of $^{26}$F.
We calculate the modification of the effective interaction of particles on the Fermi surface due to polarization contributions, with particular attention to spin-dependent forces. In addition to the standard spin-spin, tensor and spin-orbit forces, s
pin non-conserving effective interactions are induced by screening in the particle-hole channels. Furthermore, a novel long-wavelength tensor force is generated. We compute the polarization contributions to second order in the low-momentum interaction V_{low k} and find that the medium-induced spin-orbit interaction leads to a reduction of the 3P2 pairing gap for neutrons in the interior of neutron stars.
A review is presented of the development and current status of nuclear shell-model calculations in which the two-body effective interaction is derived from the free nucleon-nucleon potential. The significant progress made in this field within the las
t decade is emphasized, in particular as regards the so-called V-low-k approach to the renormalization of the bare nucleon-nucleon interaction. In the last part of the review we first give a survey of realistic shell-model calculations from early to present days. Then, we report recent results for neutron-rich nuclei near doubly magic 132Sn and for the whole even-mass N=82 isotonic chain. These illustrate how shell-model effective interactions derived from modern nucleon-nucleon potentials are able to provide an accurate description of nuclear structure properties.
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