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Register a new userThe Northern Sky Optical Cluster Survey IV: An Intermediate Redshift Galaxy Cluster Catalog and the Comparison of Two Detection Algorithms
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We present an optically selected galaxy cluster catalog from ~ 2,700 square degrees of the Digitized Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (DPOSS), spanning the redshift range 0.1 < z < 0.5, providing an intermediate redshift supplement to the previous DPOSS cluster survey. This new catalog contains 9,956 cluster candidates and is the largest resource of rich clusters in this redshift range to date. The candidates are detected using the best DPOSS plates based on seeing and limiting magnitude. The search is further restricted to high galactic latitude (|b| > 50), where stellar contamination is modest and nearly uniform. We also present a performance comparison of two different detection methods applied to this data, the Adaptive Kernel and Voronoi Tessellation techniques. In the regime where both catalogs are expected to be complete, we find excellent agreement, as well as with the most recent surveys in the literature. Extensive simulations are performed and applied to the two different methods, indicating a contamination rate of ~ 5%. These simulations are also used to optimize the algorithms and evaluate the selection function for the final cluster catalog. Redshift and richness estimates are also provided, making possible the selection of subsamples for future studies.
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We present the complete galaxy cluster catalog from the Northern Sky Optical Cluster Survey, a new, objectively defined catalog of candidate galaxy clusters at z<0.25 drawn from the Digitized Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (DPOSS). The data presented here cover the Southern Galactic Cap, as well as the less-well calibrated regions of the Northern Galactic Cap. In addition, due to improvements in our cluster finder and measurement methods, we provide an updated catalog for the well-calibrated Northern Galactic Cap region previously published in Paper II. The complete survey covers 11,411 square degrees, with over 15,000 candidate clusters. We discuss improved photometric redshifts, richnesses and optical luminosities which are provided for each cluster. A variety of substructure measures are computed for a subset of over 11,000 clusters. We also discuss the derivation of dynamical radii r_200 and its relation to cluster richness. A number of consistency checks between the three areas of the survey are also presented, demonstrating the homogeneity of the catalog over disjoint sky areas. We perform extensive comparisons to existing optically and X-ray selected cluster catalogs, and derive new X-ray luminosities and temperatures for a subset of our clusters. We find that the optical and X-ray luminosities are well correlated, even using relatively shallow ROSAT All Sky Survey and DPOSS data. This survey provides a good comparison sample to the MaxBCG catalog based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data, and complements that survey at low redshifts 0.07<z<0.1.
We present a comparison between two optical cluster finding methods: a matched filter algorithm using galaxy angular coordinates and magnitudes, and a percolation algorithm using also redshift information. We test the algorithms on two mock catalogues. The first mock catalogue is built by adding clusters to a Poissonian background, while the other is derived from N-body simulations. Choosing the physically most sensible parameters for each method, we carry out a detailed comparison and investigate advantages and limits of each algorithm, showing the possible biases on final results. We show that, combining the two methods, we are able to detect a large part of the structures, thus pointing out the need to search for clusters in different ways in order to build complete and unbiased samples of clusters, to be used for statistical and cosmological studies. In addition, our results show the importance of testing cluster finding algorithms on different kinds of mock catalogues to have a complete assessment of their behaviour.
We have conducted an automated search for galaxy clusters within a contiguous 16 square degree I-band survey in the north Galactic hemisphere. A matched filter detection algorithm identifies 444 cluster candidates in the range 0.2 <= z <= 1.2. The full catalog is presented along with the results from a follow-up spectroscopic survey. The estimated redshift distribution of the cluster candidates is consistent with a constant comoving density over the range 0.2 <= z_est <= 0.8. A decline in the cluster space density by more than a factor of 3 over this redshift range is rejected at >99.9% confidence level. We find that the space density of Lambda_CL >= 40 clusters in our survey lies in the range (1.6 - 1.8) x 10^{-5} h_{75}^{3} Mpc^{-3}, ~1.5 times higher than the local distribution of comparably rich Abell RC >= 0 clusters. The Lambda_CL distribution is consistent with a power-law. The discrepancy between the space density of Abell clusters and the clusters in this survey declines quickly as Lambda_CL increases, suggesting that the difference at lower richness is due to significant incompleteness in the Abell catalog. A percolation analysis reveals that 10 - 20% of the spectroscopically confirmed distant clusters are linked into superclusters at overdensities between 10 < {deltarho over rho} < 50, similar to what is seen in the local cluster distribution. This suggests that there has been little evolution of the cluster-cluster correlation length for z <= 0.5.
We describe the selection of galaxies targeted in eight low redshift clusters (APMCC0917, A168, A4038, EDCC442, A3880, A2399, A119 and A85; $0.029 < z < 0.058$) as part of the Sydney-AAO Multi-Object integral field Spectrograph Galaxy Survey (SAMI-GS). We have conducted a redshift survey of these clusters using the AAOmega multi-object spectrograph on the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope. The redshift survey is used to determine cluster membership and to characterise the dynamical properties of the clusters. In combination with existing data, the survey resulted in 21,257 reliable redshift measurements and 2899 confirmed cluster member galaxies. Our redshift catalogue has a high spectroscopic completeness ($sim 94%$) for $r_{rm petro} leq 19.4$ and clustercentric distances $R< 2rm{R}_{200}$. We use the confirmed cluster member positions and redshifts to determine cluster velocity dispersion, $rm{R}_{200}$, virial and caustic masses, as well as cluster structure. The clusters have virial masses $14.25 leq {rm log }({rm M}_{200}/rm{M}_{odot}) leq 15.19$. The cluster sample exhibits a range of dynamical states, from relatively relaxed-appearing systems, to clusters with strong indications of merger-related substructure. Aperture- and PSF-matched photometry are derived from SDSS and VST/ATLAS imaging and used to estimate stellar masses. These estimates, in combination with the redshifts, are used to define the input target catalogue for the cluster portion of the SAMI-GS. The primary SAMI-GS cluster targets have $R< rm{R}_{200}$, velocities $|v_{rm pec}| < 3.5sigma_{200}$ and stellar masses $9.5 leq {rm log(M}^*_{approx}/rm{M}_{odot}) leq 12$. Finally, we give an update on the SAMI-GS progress for the cluster regions.
We present and analyze the optical and X-ray catalogs of moderate-redshift cluster candidates from the ROSAT Optical X-ray Survey, or ROXS. The survey covers 4.8 square degrees (23 ROSAT PSPC pointings). The cross-correlated cluster catalogs were constructed by comparing two independent catalogs extracted from the optical and X-ray bandpasses, using a matched filter technique for the optical data and a wavelet technique for the X-ray data. We cross-id cluster candidates in each catalog. In Paper II we present the cluster catalogs and a numerical simulation of ROXS. We also present color-magnitude plots for several cluster candidates, and examine the prominence of the red sequence in each. We find that the X-ray clusters analyzed in this way do not all have a prominent red sequence. We conclude that while the red sequence may be distinct for massive, virialized clusters, it may be less so for lower-mass clusters at even moderate redshifts. Multiple, complementary methods of selecting and defining clusters may be essential, particularly at high redshift where all methods run into completeness limits, incomplete understanding of physical evolution, and projection effects.
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