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Register a new userSelf sustained phantom wormholes in semi-classical gravity
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A possible candidate for the late time accelerated expanding Universe is phantom energy, which possesses rather bizarre properties, such as the prediction of a Big Rip singularity and the violation of the null energy condition. The latter is a fundamental ingredient of traversable wormholes, and it has been shown that phantom energy may indeed sustain these exotic geometries. Inspired by the evolving dark energy parameter crossing the phantom divide, we consider in this work a varying equation of state parameter dependent on the radial coordinate, i.e., $omega(r)=p(r)/rho(r)$. We shall impose that phantom energy is concentrated in the neighborhood of the throat, to ensure the flaring out condition, and several models are analyzed. We shall also consider the possibility that these phantom wormholes be sustained by their own quantum fluctuations. The energy density of the graviton one loop contribution to a classical energy in a phantom wormhole background and the finite one loop energy density are considered as a self-consistent source for these wormhole geometries. The latter semi-classical approach prohibits solutions with a constant equation of state parameter, which further motivates the imposition of a radial dependent parameter, $omega(r)$, and only permits solutions with a steep positive slope proportional to the radial derivative of the equation of state parameter, evaluated at the throat. The size of the wormhole throat as a function of the relevant parameters is also explored.
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We study the time evolution of the test scalar and electromagnetic fields perturbations in configurations of phantom wormholes surrounded by dark energy with state parameter $omega< -1$. We observe obvious signals of echoes reflecting wormholes properties and disclose the physical reasons behind such phenomena. In particular, we find that the dark energy equation of state has a clear imprint in echoes in wave perturbations. When $omega$ approaches the phantom divide $omega=-1$ from below, the delay time of echoes becomes longer. The echo of gravitational wave is likely to be detected in the near future, the signature of the dark energy equation of state in the echo spectrum can serve as a local measurement of the dark energy.
Wormholes are tunnels connecting different regions in space-time. They were obtained originally as a solution for Einsteins General Relativity theory and according to this theory they need to be filled by an exotic kind of anisotropic matter. In the present sense, by exotic matter we mean matter that does not satisfy the energy conditions. In this article we propose the modelling of wormholes within an alternative gravity theory that proposes an extra material (rather than geometrical) term in its gravitational action. Our solutions are obtained from well-known particular cases of the wormhole metric potentials, named redshift and shape functions, and yield the wormholes to be filled by a phantom fluid, that is, a fluid with equation of state parameter $omega<-1$. In possession of the solutions for the wormhole material content, we also apply the energy conditions to them. The features of those are carefully discussed.
We study radial perturbations of a wormhole in $R^2$ gravity to determine regions of stability. We also investigate massive and massless particle orbits and tidal forces in this space-time for a radially infalling observer.
We present a self-gravitating, analytic and globally regular Skyrmion solution of the Einstein-Skyrme system with winding number w = 1, in presence of a cosmological constant. The static spacetime metric is the direct product RxS3 and the Skyrmion is the self-gravitating generalization of the static hedgehog solution of Manton and Ruback with unit topological charge. This solution can be promoted to a dynamical one in which the spacetime is a cosmology of the Bianchi type-IX with time-dependent scale and squashing coefficients. Remarkably, the Skyrme equations are still identically satisfied for all values of these parameters. Thus, the complete set of field equations for the Einstein-Skyrme-Lambda system in the topological sector reduces to a pair of coupled, autonomous, nonlinear differential equations for the scale factor and a squashing coefficient. These equations admit analytic bouncing cosmological solutions in which the universe contracts to a minimum non-vanishing size, and then expands. A non-trivial byproduct of this solution is that a minor modification of the construction gives rise to a family of stationary, regular configurations in General Relativity with negative cosmological constant supported by an SU(2) nonlinear sigma model. These solutions represent traversable AdS wormholes with NUT parameter in which the only exotic matter required for their construction is a negative cosmological constant.
We investigate Euclidean wormholes in Gauss-Bonnet-dilaton gravity to explain the creation of the universe from nothing. We considered two types of dilaton couplings (i.e., the string-inspired model and the Gaussian model) and we obtained qualitatively similar results. There can exist Euclidean wormholes that explain the possible origin of our universe, where the dilaton field is located over the barrier of dilaton potential. This solution can exist even if dilaton potential does not satisfy slow-roll conditions. In addition, the probability is higher than that of the Hawking-Moss instanton with the same final condition. Therefore, Euclidean wormholes in Gauss-Bonnet-dilaton gravity are a possible and probable scenario, which explains the origin of our universe.
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