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Register a new userArcheops, mapping the CMB sky from large to small angular scales
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Added by
Jean-Christophe Hamilton
Publication date
2001
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Authors
J.-Ch. Hamilton
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Archeops is a balloon-borne experiment designed to measure the temperature fluctuations of the CMB on a large region of the sky ($simeq 30%$) with a high angular resolution (10 arcminutes) and a high sensitivity ($60mu K$ per pixel). Archeops will perform a measurement of the CMB anisotropies power spectrum from large angular scales ($ellsimeq 30$) to small angular scales ($ell simeq 800$). Archeops flew for the first time for a test flight in July 1999 from Sicily to Spain and the first scientific flight took place from Sweden to Russia in January 2001. The data analysis is on its way and I present here preliminary results, realistic simulations showing the expected accuracy on the measurement of the power spectrum and perspectives for the incoming flights (Winter 2001/2003).
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Primordial magnetic fields lead to non-Gaussian signals in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) even at the lowest order, as magnetic stresses, and the temperature anisotropy they induce, depend quadratically on the magnetic field. In contrast, CMB non-Gaussianity due to inflationary scalar perturbations arise only as a higher order effect. We propose here a novel probe of stochastic primordial magnetic fields that exploits the characteristic CMB non-Gaussianity that they induce. In particular, we compute the CMB bispectrum ($b_{l_{_1}l_{_2}l_{_3}}$) induced by stochastic primordial fields on large angular scales. We find a typical value of $l_1(l_1+1)l_3(l_3+1) b_{l_{_1}l_{_2}l_{_3}} sim 10^{-22}$, for magnetic fields of strength $B_0 sim 3$ nano Gauss and with a nearly scale invariant magnetic spectrum. Current observational limits on the bispectrum allow us to set upper limits on $B_0 sim 35$ nano Gauss, which can be improved by including other magnetically induced contributions to the bispectrum.
Circular polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) offers the possibility of detecting rotations of the universe and magnetic fields in the primeval universe or in distant clusters of galaxies. We used the Milano Polarimeter (MIPOL) installed at the Testa Grigia Observatory, on the italian Alps, to improve the existing upper limits to the CMB circular polarization at large angular scales. We obtain 95% confidence level upper limits to the degree of the CMB circular polarization ranging between 5.0x10^{-4} and 0.7x10^{-4} at angular scales between 8 and 24 deg, improving by one order of magnitude preexisting upper limits at large angular scales. Our results are still far from the nK region where today expectations place the amplitude of the V Stokes parameter used to characterize circular polarization of the CMB but improve the preexisting limit at similar angular scales. Our observations offered also the opportunity of characterizing the atmospheric emission at 33 GHz at the Testa Grigia Observatory.
We propose a new internal linear combination (ILC) method in the pixel space, applicable on large angular scales of the sky, to estimate a foreground minimized Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy map by incorporating prior knowledge about the theoretical CMB covariance matrix. Usual ILC method in pixel space, on the contrary, does not use any information about the underlying CMB covariance matrix. The new approach complements the usual pixel space ILC technique specifically at low multipole region, using global information available from theoretical CMB covariance matrix as well as from the data. Since we apply our method over the large scale on the sky containing low multipoles we perform foreground minimization globally. We apply our methods on low resolution Planck and WMAP foreground contaminated CMB maps and validate the methodology by performing detailed Monte-Carlo simulations. Our cleaned CMB map and its power spectrum have significantly less error than those obtained following usual ILC technique at low resolution that does not use CMB covariance information. Another very important advantage of our method is that the cleaned power spectrum does not have any negative bias at the low multipoles because of effective suppression of CMB-foreground chance correlations on large angular scales of the sky. Our cleaned CMB map and its power spectrum match well with those estimated by other research groups.
We describe SPIDER, a balloon-borne instrument to map the polarization of the millimeter-wave sky with degree angular resolution. Spider consists of six monochromatic refracting telescopes, each illuminating a focal plane of large-format antenna-coupled bolometer arrays. A total of 2,624 superconducting transition-edge sensors are distributed among three observing bands centered at 90, 150, and 280 GHz. A cold half-wave plate at the aperture of each telescope modulates the polarization of incoming light to control systematics. Spiders first flight will be a 20-30-day Antarctic balloon campaign in December 2011. This flight will map sim8% of the sky to achieve unprecedented sensitivity to the polarization signature of the gravitational wave background predicted by inflationary cosmology. The Spider mission will also serve as a proving ground for these detector technologies in preparation for a future satellite mission.
In this paper we show how effects from small scales enter the angular-redshift power spectrum $C_ell(z,z)$. In particular, we show that spectroscopic surveys with high redshift resolution are affected by small scales already on large angular scales, i.e. at low multipoles. Therefore, when considering the angular power spectrum with spectroscopic redshift resolution, it is important to account for non-linearities relevant on small scales even at low multipoles. This may also motivate the use of the correlation function instead of the angular power spectrum. These effects, which are very relevant for bin auto-correlations, but not so important for cross-correlations, are quantified in detail.
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