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Register a new userThe Fundamental Properties of Early-type Galaxies in the Coma Cluster
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Added by
Stephen A. W. Moore
Publication date
2001
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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We report the results of a high quality spectral study of early-type galaxies within the Coma Cluster core. Stellar population analysis using Lick/IDS indices to break the age/metallicity degeneracy are presented, probing their formation history and properties. A clear metallicity trend and a dominant single age population are found.
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We present stellar population parameters of twelve early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the Coma Cluster based on spectra obtained using the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph on the Keck II Telescope. Our data allow us to examine in detail the zero-point and scatter in their stellar population properties. Our ETGs have SSP-equivalent ages of on average 5-8 Gyr with the models used here, with the oldest galaxies having ages of ~10 Gyr old. This average age is identical to the mean age of field ETGs. Our ETGs span a large range in velocity dispersion but are consistent with being drawn from a population with a single age. Specifically, ten of the twelve ETGs are consistent within their formal errors of having the same age, 5.2+/-0.2 Gyr, over a factor of more than 750 in mass. We therefore find no evidence for downsizing of the stellar populations of ETGs in the core of the Coma Cluster. We suggest that Coma Cluster ETGs may have formed the majority of their mass at high redshifts but suffered small but detectable star formation events at z~0.1-0.3. Previous detections of downsizing from stellar populations of local ETGs may not reflect the same downsizing seen in lookback studies of RSGs, as the young ages of the local ETGs represent only a small fraction of their total masses. (abridged)
We present an extension of our previous research on the early-type galaxy population of the Antlia cluster (d ~ 35 Mpc), achieving a total coverage of ~ 2.6 deg x deg and performing surface photometry for ~300 galaxies, 130 of which are new uncatalogued ones. Such new galaxies mainly fall in the low surface brightness (LSB) regime, but there are also some lenticulars (S0) which support the existence of unique functions that connect bright and dwarf galaxies in the scaling relations. We analyse the projected spatial distribution of galaxies up to a distance of ~800 kpc from NGC 3268, the adopted centre, as well as the radial velocity distribution and the correlation between galaxy colour and effective radius with the projected spatial distribution. We also obtain the luminosity function of the early-type galaxies and the distribution of stellar masses using the T1-band magnitudes and adopted mass-luminosity ratios. Additionally, we correlate the central galaxy distribution with an X-ray emission map from the literature. Based on the analysis of the radial velocities and galaxy colour distributions, we find that galaxies redder than the colour-magnitude relation (CMR) have a velocity distribution strongly concentrated towards the values of the dominant galaxies and are homogeneously distributed throughout the cluster. Those bluer than the CMR, in turn, have a much more extended radial velocity distribution and are concentrated towards the centre of the cluster. We also identify 12 candidates to ultra diffuse galaxies (UDG), that seem to be split into two families, and speculate about their origins in the context of the cluster structure.
We study the UV properties of a volume limited sample of early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster combining new GALEX far- (1530 A) and near-ultraviolet (2310 A) data with spectro-photometric data available at other wavelengths. The sample includes 264 ellipticals, lenticulars and dwarfs spanning a large range in luminosity (M(B)<-15). While the NUV to optical or near-IR color magnitude relations (CMR) are similar to those observed at optical wavelengths, with a monotonic reddening of the color index with increasing luminosity, the (FUV-V) and (FUV-H) CMRs show a discontinuity between massive and dwarf objects. An even more pronounced dichotomy is observed in the (FUV-NUV) CMR. For ellipticals the (FUV-NUV) color becomes bluer with increasing luminosity and with increasing reddening of the optical or near-IR color indices. For the dwarfs the opposite trend is observed. These observational evidences are consistent with the idea that the UV emission is dominated by hot, evolved stars in giant systems, while in dwarf ellipticals residual star formation activity is more common.
The long-slit spectra obtained along the minor axis, offset major axis and diagonal axis are presented for 12 E and S0 galaxies of the Coma cluster drawn from a magnitude-limited sample studied before. The rotation curves, velocity dispersion profiles and the H_3 and H_4 coefficients of the Hermite decomposition of the line of sight velocity distribution are derived. The radial profiles of the Hbeta, Mg, and Fe line strength indices are measured too. In addition, the surface photometry of the central regions of a subsample of 4 galaxies recently obtained with Hubble Space Telescope is presented. The data will be used to construct dynamical models of the galaxies and study their stellar populations.
Here we present new measurements of effective radii, surface brightnesses and internal velocity dispersions for 23 isolated early-type galaxies. The photometric properties are derived from new multi-colour imaging of 10 galaxies, whereas the central kinematics for 7 galaxies are taken from forthcoming work by Hau & Forbes. These are supplemented with data from the literature. We reproduce the colour-magnitude and Kormendy relations and strengthen the result of Paper I that isolated galaxies follow the same photometric relations as galaxies in high density environments. We also find that some isolated galaxies reveal fine structure indicative of a recent merger while others appear undisturbed. We examine the Fundamental Plane in both traditional R_e, mu_e and sigma space and also kappa-space. Most isolated galaxies follow the same Fundamental Plane tilt and scatter for galaxies in high density environments. However, a few galaxies notably deviate from the plane in the sense of having smaller M/L ratios. This can be understood in terms of their younger stellar populations, which are presumably induced by a gaseous merger. Overall, isolated galaxies have similar properties to those in roups and clusters with a slight enhancement in the frequency of recent mergers/interactions.
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