Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userInfluence of electron-phonon coupling on low temperature phases of metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes
111
0
0.0
(
0
)
Ask ChatGPT about the research
No Arabic abstract
We investigate the effect of electron-phonon coupling on low temperature phases in metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes. We obtain low-temperature phase diagrams of armchair and zigzag type nanotubes with screened interactions with a weak-coupling renormalization group approach. In the absence of electron-phonon coupling, two types of nanotubes have similar phase diagrams. A $D$-Mott phase or $d$-wave superconductivity appears when the on-site interaction is dominant, while a charge-density wave or an excitonic insulator phase emerges when the nearest neighbor interaction becomes comparable to the on-site interaction. The electron-phonon coupling, treated by a two-cutoff scaling scheme, leads to different behavior in two types of nanotubes. For strong electron-phonon interactions, phonon softening is induced and a Peierls insulator phase appears in armchair nanotubes. We find that this softening of phonons may occur for any intraband scattering phonon mode. On the other hand, the effect of electron-phonon coupling is negligible for zigzag nanotubes. The distinct behavior of armchair and zigzag nanotubes against lattice distortion is explained by analysis of the renormalization group equations.
rate research
Read More
Degeneracy of discrete energy levels of finite-length, metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes depends on type of nanotubes, boundary condition, length of nanotubes and spin-orbit interaction. Metal-1 nanotubes, in which two non-equivalent valleys in the Brillouin zone have different orbital angular momenta with respect to the tube axis, exhibits nearly fourfold degeneracy and small lift of the degeneracy by the spin-orbit interaction reflecting the decoupling of two valleys in the eigenfunctions. In metal-2 nanotubes, in which the two valleys have the same orbital angular momentum, vernier-scale-like spectra appear for boundaries of orthogonal-shaped edge or cap-termination reflecting the strong valley coupling and the asymmetric velocities of the Dirac states. Lift of the fourfold degeneracy by parity splitting overcomes the spin-orbit interaction in shorter nanotubes with a so-called minimal boundary. Slowly decaying evanescent modes appear in the energy gap induced by the curvature of nanotube surface. Effective one-dimensional model reveals the role of boundary on the valley coupling in the eigenfunctions.
The hybrid orbitals of single-wall carbon nanotubes are given according to the structure of the nanotube. Because the energy levels of these hybrid orbitals are close to each other, the sigma-orbitals will affect the behavior of the pi-electrons, which is called the scattering of pi- electrons. This scattering effect is taken into account in the nanotube and the local wave function of pi-electrons is constructed, which is called the extended Wannier function. In the Wannier representation, the electronic hopping energies and the energy gap of the tubes (9,0) and (9,9) are calculated. Our results show that the band gap of the tubes increases in direct ratio with the scattering coefficients of sigma-orbitals and this scattering is able to enhance the localization of pi-electrons.
A comprehensive theory of electron spin resonance (ESR) for a Luttinger liquid (LL) state of correlated metals is presented. The ESR measurables such as the signal intensity and the line-width are calculated in the framework of Luttinger liquid theory with broken spin rotational symmetry as a function of magnetic field and temperature. We obtain a significant temperature dependent homogeneous line-broadening which is related to the spin symmetry breaking and the electron-electron interaction. The result crosses over smoothly to the ESR of itinerant electrons in the non-interacting limit. These findings explain the absence of the long-sought ESR signal of itinerant electrons in single-wall carbon nanotubes when considering realistic experimental conditions.
The electronic states in isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been considered as an ideal realization of a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL). However, it remains unclear whether one-dimensional correlated states are realized under local environmental effects such as the formation of a bundle structure. Intertube effects originating from other adjacent SWCNTs within a bundle may drastically alter the one-dimensional correlated state. In order to test the validity of the TLL model in bundled SWCNTs, low-energy spin excitation is investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The NMR relaxation rate in bundled mixtures of metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs shows a power-law temperature dependence with a theoretically predicted exponent. This demonstrates that a TLL state with the same strength as that for effective Coulomb interactions is realized in a bundled sample, as in isolated SWCNTs. In bundled metallic SWCNTs, we found a power-law temperature dependence of the relaxation rate, but the magnitude of the relaxation rate is one order of magnitude smaller than that predicted by theory. Furthermore, we found an almost doubled magnitude of the Luttinger parameter. These results indicate suppressed spin excitations with reduced Coulomb interactions in bundled metallic SWCNTs, which are attributable to intertube interactions originating from adjacent metallic SWCNTs within a bundle. Our findings give direct evidence that bundling reduces the effective Coulomb interactions via intertube interactions within bundled metallic SWCNTs.
We report the existence of broad and weakly asymmetric features in the high-energy (G) Raman modes of freely suspended metallic carbon nanotubes of defined chiral index. A significant variation in peak width (from 12 cm-1 to 110 cm-1) is observed as a function of the nanotubes chiral structure. When the nanotubes are electrostatically gated, the peak widths decrease. The broadness of the Raman features is understood as the consequence of coupling of the phonon to electron-hole pairs, the strength of which varies with the nanotube chiral index and the position of the Fermi energy.
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
