No Arabic abstract
We address two closely related problems associated with the singlet scalars potential that are often present in supersymmetric U(1) models, especially those which maintain the gauge unification of the MSSM in a simple way. The first is the possibility of an accidental global symmetry which results in a light Goldstone boson. The second is the problem of generating a vacuum expectation value for more than one field without reintroducing the $mu$ problem. We give sufficient conditions for addressing both issues and provide a concrete example to generate them.
The neutralino sector in E_6 inspired supersymmetric models with extra neutral gauge bosons and singlet Higgs fields contains additional gaugino and singlino states compared to the MSSM. We discuss the neutralino mixing in rank 5 and rank 6 models and analyze the supersymmetric parameter space where the light neutralinos have mainly singlino or MSSM character. The neutralino character, resonance effects of the new gauge bosons and, assuming mSUGRA-type RGEs, different selectron masses lead to significant differences between the MSSM and the extended models in neutralino production at an e^+e^- linear collider. Beam polarization may improve the signatures to distinguish between the models. In an appendix, we present the mass terms of the gauge bosons, charginos and sfermions which show a significant different mass spectrum than in the MSSM and give all relevant neutralino couplings.
We perform a study of the stability of R-parity-conserving vacua of a constrained version of the minimal supersymmetric model with a gauged U(1)_{B-L} which can conserve R-parity, using homotopy continuation to find all the extrema of the tree-level potential, for which we also calculated the one-loop corrections. While we find that a majority of the points in the parameter space preserve R-parity, we find that a significant portion of points which naively have phenomenologically acceptable vacua which conserve R-parity actually have deeper vacua which break R-parity through sneutrino VEVs. We investigate under what conditions the deeper R-parity-violating vacua appear. We find that while previous exploratory work was broadly correct in some of its qualitative conclusions, we disagree in detail.
Adding a second scalar doublet (eta^+,eta^0) and three neutral singlet fermions N_{1,2,3} to the Standard Model of particle interactions with a new Z_2 symmetry, it has been shown that Re(eta^0) or Im(eta^0) is a good dark-matter candidate and seesaw neutrino masses are generated radiatively. A supersymmetric U(1) gauge extension of this new idea is proposed, which enforces the usual R parity of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, and allows this new Z_2 symmetry to emerge as a discrete remnant.
Motivated by the flavored Peccei-Quinn symmetry for unifying the flavor physics and string theory, we construct an explicit model by introducing a $U(1)$ symmetry such that the $U(1)_X$-$[gravity]^2$ anomaly-free condition together with the standard model flavor structure demands additional sterile neutrinos as well as no axionic domain-wall problem. Such additional sterile neutrinos play the role of a realization of baryogenesis via a new Affleck-Dine leptogenesis. We provide grounds for that the $U(1)_X$ symmetry could be interpreted as a fundamental symmetry of nature. The model will resolve rather recent, but fast-growing issues in astro-particle physics, including leptonic mixings and CP violation in neutrino oscillation, high-energy neutrinos, QCD axion, and axion cooling of stars. The QCD axion decay constant, through its connection to the astrophysical constraints of stellar evolution and the SM fermion masses, is shown to be fixed at $F_A=1.30^{+0.66}_{-0.54}times10^{9}$ GeV (consequently, its mass is $m_a=4.34^{+3.37}_{-1.49}$ meV and axion-photon coupling is $|g_{agammagamma}|=1.30^{+1.01}_{-0.45}times10^{-12},{rm GeV}^{-1}$). Interestingly enough, we show that neutrino oscillations at low energies could be connected to astronomical-scale baseline neutrino oscillations. The model predicts non-observational neutrinoless double beta ($0 ubetabeta$) decay rate as well as a remarkable pattern between leptonic Dirac CP phase ($delta_{CP}$) and atmospheric mixing angle ($theta_{23}$); {it e.g.} $delta_{CP}simeq220^{circ}-240^{circ}$, $120^{circ}-140^{circ}$ for $theta_{23}=42.3^{circ}$ for normal mass ordering, and $delta_{CP}simeq283^{circ},250^{circ},100^{circ},70^{circ}$ for $theta_{23}=49.5^{circ}$ for inverted one.
We analyse supersymmetric models augmented by an extra $U(1)$ gauge group. To avoid anomalies in these models without introducing exotics, we allow for family-dependent $U(1)^prime$ charges, and choose a simple form for these, dependent on one $U(1)^prime$ charge parameter only. With this choice, $Z^prime$ decays into di-taus but not di-leptons, weakening considerably the constraints on its mass. In the supersymmetric sector, the effect is to lower the singlino mass, allowing it to be the dark matter candidate. We investigate the dark matter constraints and collider implications of such models, with mostly singlino, or mostly higgsinos, or a mixture of the two as lightest supersymmetric particles. In these scenarios, $Z^prime$ decays significantly into chargino or neutralino pairs, and thus indirectly into final state leptons. We devise benchmarks which, with adequate cuts, can yield signals visible at the high-luminosity LHC.