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Register a new userA Scheme of Cartan Decomposition for su(N)
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Authors
Zheng-Yao Su
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A scheme to perform the Cartan decomposition for the Lie algebra su(N) of arbitrary finite dimensions is introduced. The schme is based on two algebraic structures, the conjugate partition and the quotient algebra, that are easily generated by a Cartan subalgebra and generally exist in su(N). In particular, the Lie algebras su(2^p) and every su(2^{p-1} < N < 2^p) share the isomorphic structure of the quotient algebra. This structure enables an efficient algorithm for the recursive and exhaustive construction of Cartan decompositions. Further with the scheme, a unitary transformation in SU(N) can be recursively decomposed into a product of certain designated operators, e.g., local and nonlocal gates. Such a recursive decomposition of a transformation implies an evolution path on the manifold of the group.
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An algebraic structure, Quotient Algebra Partition or QAP, is introduced in a serial of articles. The structure QAP is universal to Lie Algebras and enables algorithmic and exhaustive Cartan decompositions. The first episode draws the simplest form of the structure in terms of the spinor representation.
Else from the quotient algebra partition considered in the preceding episodes, two kinds of partitions on unitary Lie algebras are created by nonabelian bi-subalgebras. It is of interest that there exists a partition duality between the two kinds of partitions. With an application of an appropriate coset rule, the two partitions return to a quotient algebra partition when the generating bi-subalgebra is abelian. Procedures are proposed to merge or detach a co-quotient algebra, which help deliver type-AIII Cartan decompositions of more varieties. In addition, every Cartan decomposition is obtainable from the quotient algebra partition of the highest rank. Of significance is the universality of the quotient algebra partition to classical and exceptional Lie algebras.
In the 3rd episode of the serial exposition, quotient algebra partitions of rank zero earlier introduced undergo further partitions generated by bi-subalgebras of higher ranks. The refin
This is the sequel exposition following [1]. The framework quotient algebra partition is rephrased in the language of the s-representation. Thanks to this language, a quotient algebra partition of the simplest form is established under a minimum number of conditions governed by a bi-subalgebra of rank zero, i.e., a Cartan subalgebra. Within the framework, all Cartan subalgebras of su(N) are classified and generated recursively through the process of the subalgebra extension.
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Feng Pan
, J. P. Draayer (Department of Physics & Astronomy
, n Louisiana State University
1997
A complementary group to SU(n) is found that realizes all features of the Littlewood rule for Kronecker products of SU(n) representations. This is accomplished by considering a state of SU(n) to be a special Gelfand state of the complementary group {cal U}(2n-2). The labels of {cal U}(2n-2) can be used as the outer multiplicity labels needed to distinguish multiple occurrences of irreducible representations (irreps) in the SU(n)times SU(n)downarrow SU(n) decomposition that is obtained from the Littlewood rule. Furthermore, this realization can be used to determine SU(n)supset SU(n-1)times U(1) Reduced Wigner Coefficients (RWCs) and Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients (CGCs) of SU(n), using algebraic or numeric methods, in either the canonical or a noncanonical basis. The method is recursive in that it uses simpler RWCs or CGCs with one symmetric irrep in conjunction with standard recoupling procedures. New explicit formulae for the multiplicity for SU(3) and SU(4) are used to illustrate the theory.
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