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Register a new userAtomic Nucleus as a Laboratory for Fundamental Processes
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Authors
J. Dobaczewski
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Concluding remarks about the scientific contents of the XXVIII Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics are presented.
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Neutron star observations, including direct mass and radius measurements as well as the analysis of gravitational wave signals emitted by stellar mergers, provide valuable and unique insights into the properties of strongly interacting matter at high densities. In this proceedings contribution, I review recent efforts to systematically constrain the equation of state (EoS) of dense nuclear and quark matter using a combination of ab initio particle and nuclear physics calculations and astrophysical data. In particular, I discuss the constraints that the gravitational wave observation GW170817 has placed on the EoS, and comment on the future prospects of improving the accuracy, to which this quantity is known.
In this report the first results of cumulative particle production in the new kinematic region will be presented. The produced particles have momenta more than 2 GeV/c in the rest system of nuclear target. Such studies can significantly reduce the corrections associated with the processes of the initial(ISI) and final states(FSI) interactions.
The rate for the photon emission accompanying orbital 1S electron capture by the atomic nucleus is recalculated. While a photon can be emitted by the electron or by the nucleus, the use of the length gauge significantly suppresses the nuclear contribution. Our calculations resolve the long standing discrepancy of theoretical predictions with experimental data for $Delta J=2$ forbidden transitions. We illustrate the results by comparison with the data established experimentally for the first forbidden unique decays of $^{41}$Ca and $^{204}$Tl.
We have constructed an empirical formulae for the fusion and interaction barriers using experimental values available till date. The fusion barriers so obtained have been compared with different model predictions based on the proximity, Woods-Saxon and double folding potentials along with several empirical formulas, time dependent Hartree-Fock theories, and the experimental results. The comparison allows us to find the best model, which is nothing but the present empirical formula only. Most remarkably, the fusion barrier and radius show excellent consonance with the experimental findings for the reactions meant for synthesis of the superheavy elements also. Furthermore, it is seen that substitution of the predicted fusion barrier and radius in classic Wong formula [C. Wong, Phys. Rev. Lett. {31}, 766 (1973)] for the total fusion cross sections satisfies very well with the experiments. Similarly, current interaction barrier predictions have also been compared well with a few experimental results available and Bass potential model meant for the interaction barrier predictions. Importantly, the present formulae for the fusion as well as interaction barrier will have practical implications in carrying out the physics research near the Coulomb barrier energies. Furthermore, present fusion barrier and radius provide us a good nucleus-nucleus potential useful for numerous theoretical applications.
The distorted spin-dependent spectral function of a nucleon inside an A=3 nucleus is introduced as a novel tool for investigating the polarized electron scattering off polarized $^3$He in semi-inclusive DIS regime (SiDIS), going beyond the standard plane wave impulse approximation. This distribution function is applied to the study of the spectator SiDIS, $vec{^3{rm He}}(vec e, e ~{^2}{rm H})X$, in order to properly take into account the final state interaction between the hadronizing quark and the detected deuteron, with the final goal of a more reliable extraction of the polarized parton-distribution $g_1(x)$ inside a bound proton. Our analysis allows to single out two well-defined kinematical regions where the experimental asymmetries could yield very interesting information: the region where the final state effects can be minimized, and therefore the direct access to the parton distributions in the proton is feasible, and the one where the final state interaction dominates, and the spectator SiDIS reactions can elucidate the mechanism of the quark hadronization itself. The perspectives of extending our approach i) to the mirror nucleus, $^3$H, for achieving a less model-dependent flavor decomposition, and ii) to the asymmetries measured in the standard SiDIS reactions, $vec e + vec{^3 {rm He}} to e + h+X$ with $h$ a detected fast hadron, with the aim of extracting the neutron transversity, are discussed.
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