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Register a new userLow Energy Kaon Physics at Da$Phi$NE
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Paola Gianotti
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DA$Phi$NE $e^+ e^-$ collider is an abundant source of low energy $K bar K$ pairs suitable to explore different fields of non perturbative QCD regime. Two different experiments, DEAR and FINUDA, using different experimental techniq ues are trying to shed new light on the strong interaction at the nucleon scale by producing high precision results at this energy range. The DEAR experiment is studying kaonic atoms in order to determine antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths. FINUDA aims to produce hypernuclei to study nuclear structure and $Lambda$-N interaction.
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We delineate a ``theoretical $chi^2$--functional technique to implement fixed--$t$ analyticity on the invariant amplitudes for the $bar{K}N$, $piLambda$, $piSigma$ coupled channels in a fast and straightforward way.
The DA{Phi}NE collider at INFN-LNF is a unique source of low-energy kaons, which was used by the DEAR, SIDDHARTA and AMADEUS collaborations for unique measurements of kaonic atoms and kaon-nuclei interactions. Presently, the SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration is underway to measure the kaonic deuterium exotic atom. With this document we outline a proposal for fundamental physics at the strangeness frontier for future measurements of kaonic atoms and kaon-nuclei interactions at DA{Phi}NE, which is intended to stimulate discussions within the broad scientific community performing research directly or indirectly related to this field.
Investigation at a $phi$--factory can shed light on several debated issues in particle physics. We discuss: i) recent theoretical development and experimental progress in kaon physics relevant for the Standard Model tests in the flavor sector, ii) the sensitivity we can reach in probing CPT and Quantum Mechanics from time evolution of entangled kaon states, iii) the interest for improving on the present measurements of non-leptonic and radiative decays of kaons and eta/eta$^prime$ mesons, iv) the contribution to understand the nature of light scalar mesons, and v) the opportunity to search for narrow di-lepton resonances suggested by recent models proposing a hidden dark-matter sector. We also report on the $e^+ e^-$ physics in the continuum with the measurements of (multi)hadronic cross sections and the study of gamma gamma processes.
The aim of AMADEUS is to provide unprecedented experimental information on K$^-$ absorption in light nuclear targets, to face major open problems in hadron nuclear physics in the strangeness sector, namely the nature of the $Lambda$(1405), strongly related to the possible existence of kaonic nuclear clusters, kaons and hyperon scattering cross sections on nucleons and nuclei. These issues are fundamental for a better understanding of the non-perturbative QCD in the strangeness sector. AMADEUS step 0 deals with the analysis of the 2004-2005 KLOE collected data. The interactions of the negative kaons produced by the DA$Phi$NE collider (a unique source of monochromatic low-momentum kaons) with the materials of the KLOE detector, used as active targets, provide samples of K$^-$ absorptions on H, ${}^4$He, ${}^{9}$Be and ${}^{12}$C, both at-rest and in-flight. A second step deals with the data from the implementation in the central region of the KLOE detector of a pure graphite target, providing a high statistic sample of K$^- , {}^{12}$C nuclear captures at rest. For the future a new setup, with various dedicated gaseous and solid targets, is under preparation.
Prospective presentation is given for the experimental program of the KLOE-2 Collaboration, to be performed using the DA$Phi$NE $e^+e^-$ collider upgraded in luminosity. Data with the total luminosity of 25 fb$^{-1}$ are aimed to be collected in 3 years. Major modifications of the accelerator and the spectrometer are described. The KLOE-2 physics program contains: CKM unitarity and lepton universality tests, $gammagamma$ physics, search for quantum decoherence and testing CPT conservation, low-energy QCD, rare kaon decays, physics of $eta$ and $eta^prime$, structure of low-mass scalars, contribution of vacuum polarization to $(g-2)_{mu}$, possible search for WIMP dark matter. In this paper only selected physics subjects are reported.
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