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We analyze the behaviour of the high-energy scattering amplitude within the brane world scenario in extra dimensions. We argue that contrary to the popular opinion based on the Kaluza-Klein approach, the cross-section does not increase with energy, but changes the slope close to the compactification scale and then decreases like in the 4-dimensional theory. A particular example of the quark-antiquark scattering due to the gluon exchange in the bulk is considered.
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We propose gauge-Higgs unification in fuzzy extra dimensions as a possible solution to the Higgs naturalness problem. In our approach, the fuzzy extra dimensions are created spontaneously as a vacuum solution of certain four-dimensional gauge theory. As an example, we construct a model which has a fuzzy torus as its vacuum. The Higgs field in our model is associated with the Wilson loop wrapped on the fuzzy torus. We show that the quadratic divergence in the mass of the Higgs field in the one-loop effective potential is absent. We then argue based on symmetries that the quantum corrections to the Higgs mass is suppressed including all loop contributions. We also consider a realization on the worldvolume theory of D3-branes probing $C^3/(Z_N times Z_N)$ orbifold with discrete torsion.
We study the possibility that dark energy is a manifestation of the Casimir energy on extra dimensions with the topology of $S^2$. We consider our universe to be $M^4 times S^2$ and modify the geometry by introducing noncommutativity on the extra dimensions only, i.e. replacing $S^2$ with the fuzzy version $S_{F}^2$. We find the energy density as a function of the size of the representation $M+1$ of the algebra of $S_{F}^2$, and we calculate its value for the $M+1=2$ case. The value of the energy density turns out to be positive, i.e. provides dark energy, and the size of the extra dimensions agrees with the experimental limit. We also recover the correct commutative limit as the noncommutative parameter goes to zero.
In extra dimensions, the quark and lepton mass hierarchy can be reproduced from the same order bulk mass parameters, and standard model fermion families can be generated from one generation in the high dimensional space. We try to explain the origin of the same order bulk mass parameters and address the family replication puzzle simultaneously. We show that they correlate with each other. We construct models that families are generated from extra dimensional space, and in the meantime the bulk mass parameters of same order emerge naturally. The interesting point is that the bulk mass parameters, which are in same order, correspond to the eigenvalues of a Schr{o}dinger-like equation. We also discuss the problem existing in this approach.
We analyse the high-energy limit of the gluon-gluon scattering amplitude in QCD, and display an intriguing relation between the finite parts of the one-loop gluon impact factor and the finite parts of the two-loop Regge trajectory.
Models with one warped and two unwarped extra dimensions allow for the solution of a number of open questions in particle physics. They can be used to solve the hierarchy problem in the same sense as Randall-Sundrum extra dimensions, they incorporate the Randall-Sundrum approach to flavor, and they generate a dark matter candidate via Kaluza-Klein parity in the flat extra dimensions. In this paper, we examine the models AdS_5 x T_2 and AdS_5 x S_2, deriving the Kaluza-Klein spectrum for fermions propagating in the bulk. While the toroidal model allows for a chiral zero mode, we find that the positive curvature of the spherical model disallows all zero modes without further modifications.
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