Recent developments in lattice QCD calculation of flavor singlet nucleon matrix elements are reviewed. Substantial sea quark contributions are found in the $pi$-$N sigma$ term and the quark spin content of the nucleon such that the total magnitude including valence contributions is in reasonable agreement with experiments. Some problems with flavor non-singlet nucleon matrix elements are pointed out. Recent work on lattice QCD calculation of hadron scattering length is also discussed.