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Register a new userNon-dynamic origin of the acoustic attenuation at high frequency in glasses
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The sound attenuation in the THz region is studied down to T=16 K in glassy glycerol by inelastic x-ray scattering. At striking variance with the decrease found below 100 K in the GHz data, the attenuation in the THz range does not show any T dependence. This result i) indicates the presence of two different attenuation mechanisms, active respectively in the high and low frequency limits; ii) demonstrates the non-dynamic origin of the attenuation of THz sound waves, and confirms a similar conclusion obtained in SiO2 glass by molecular dynamics; and iii) supports the low frequency attenuation mechanism proposed by Fabian and Allen (Phys.Rev.Lett. 82, 1478 (1999)).
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Experimental results on the density of states and on the acoustic modes of glasses in the THz region are compared to the predictions of two categories of models. A recent one, solely based on an elastic instability, does not account for most observations. Good agreement without adjustable parameters is obtained with models including the existence of non-acoustic vibrational modes at THz frequency, providing in many cases a comprehensive picture for a range of glass anomalies.
Three classes of harmonic disorder systems (Lennard-Jones like glasses, percolators above threshold, and spring disordered lattices) have been numerically investigated in order to clarify the effect of different types of disorder on the mechanism of high frequency sound attenuation. We introduce the concept of frustration in structural glasses as a measure of the internal stress, and find a strong correlation between the degree of frustration and the exponent alpha that characterizes the momentum dependence of the sound attenuation $Gamma(Q)$$simeq$$Q^alpha$. In particular, alpha decreases from about d+1 in low-frustration systems (where d is the spectral dimension), to about 2 for high frustration systems like the realistic glasses examined.
Structured metamaterials are at the core of extensive research, promising for thermal and acoustic engineering. However, the computational cost required for correctly simulating large systems imposes to use continuous modeling, able to grasp the physics at play without entering in the atomistic details. Crucially, a correct description needs to describe both the extrinsic interface-induced and the intrinsic atomic scale-originated phonon scattering. This latter becomes considerably important when the metamaterial is made out of a glass, which is intrinsically highly dissipative and with a wave attenuation strongly dependent on frequency and temperature. In amorphous systems, the effective acoustic attenuation triggered by multiple mechanisms is now well characterized and exhibits a nontrivial frequency dependence with a double crossover of power laws. Here we propose a continuum mechanical model for a viscoelastic medium, able to bridge atomic and macroscopic scales in amorphous materials and reproduce well the phonon attenuation from GHz to THz with a ${omega}^2-{omega}^4-{omega}^2$ dependency, including the influence of temperature.
The linewidth of longitudinal acoustic waves in densified silica glass is obtained by inelastic x-ray scattering. It increases with a high power alpha of the frequency up to a crossover where the waves experience strong scattering. We find that alpha is at least 4, and probably larger. Resonance and hybridization of acoustic waves with the boson-peak modes seems to be a more likely explanation for these findings than Rayleigh scattering from disorder.
We have introduced a variational method to improve the computation of integrated correlation times in the Parallel Tempering Dynamics, obtaining a better estimate (a lower bound, at least) of the exponential correlation time. Using this determination of the correlation times, we revisited the problem of the characterization of the chaos in temperature in finite dimensional spin glasses by means of the study of correlations between different chaos indicators computed in the static and the correlation times of the Parallel Tempering dynamics. The sample-distribution of the characteristic time for the Parallel Tempering dynamics turns out to be fat-tailed and it obeys finite-size scaling.
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