A series of short time stochastic resonance (SR) phenomena, realized in a bistable receiver, can be utilized to convey train of information represented by frequency-shift keying (FSK) signals. It is demonstrated that the SR regions of the input noise intensity are adjacent for input periodic signals that differ in frequency appropriately. This establishes the possibility of decomposing M-ary FSK signals in bistable receivers. Furthermore, the mechanism of the M-ary FSK signal detection via short time SR effects is explicated in terms of the receiver response speed. The short time SR phenomenon might be of interest for neuronal information processing in non-stationary noisy environments, regardless of the short timescale or the frequency jitter of stimulus.