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Register a new userA superconductor electromechanical oscillator and its potential application in energy storage (with corrections)
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Authors
Osvaldo F. Schilling
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We discuss theoretically the properties of an electromechanical oscillating system whose operation is based upon the cyclic conservative conversion between gravitational potential, kinetic, and magnetic energies. The system consists of a superconducting coil subjected to a constant external force and to magnetic fields. The coil oscillates and has induced in it a rectified electrical current whose magnitude may reach hundreds of Ampere. The design differs from that of most conventional superconductor machines since the motion is linear (and practically unnoticeable depending on frequency) rather than rotatory, and it does not involve high speeds. Furthermore, there is no need for an external electrical power source for the system to start out. We also show that the losses for such a system can be made extremely small for certain operational conditions, so that by reaching and keeping resonance the system main application should be in the generation and storage of electromagnetic energy.
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We discuss theoretically the properties of an electromechanical oscillator whose operation is based upon the cyclic, quasi-conservative conversion between gravitational potential, kinetic, and magnetic energies. The system consists of a strong-pinning type-II superconductor square loop subjected to a constant external force and to magnetic fields. The loop oscillates in the upright position at a frequency that can be tuned in the range 10-1000 Hz, and has induced in it a rectified electrical current. The emphasis of this paper is on the evaluation of the major remaining source of losses in the oscillations. We argue that such losses should be associated with the viscous vibration of pinned flux lines in the superconductor Nb-Ti wire, provided the oscillator is kept close to zero Kelvin, under high-vacuum, and the magnetic field is sufficiently uniform. We discuss how other different sources of loss would become negligible for such operational conditions, so that a very high quality factor Q exceeding 10^(10) might in principle be reached by the oscillator. The prospective utilization of such oscillator as a low-frequency high-Q clock is analyzed.Since publication the ideas in this paper have been explored both by the author and elsewhere, in applications covering Metrology, quantum systems, and gravimetry.
This letter describes a very simple electromechanical oscillator, consisting of a strong-pinning Nb-Ti superconductor loop subjected to static magnetic fields. A detailed calculation of the losses occurring during its low-frequency oscillations is carried out. The conclusion is that the quality factor for such oscillator might reach the 10^10-10^11 range, something comparable only to the best optical microcavities. Such device might permit the measurement of variations in static forces with the same precision a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measures variations of magnetic field, providing a new tool for probing minute variations of the gravitational field. for instance.
We fabricate a microscale electromechanical system, in which a suspended superconducting membrane, treated as a mechanical oscillator, capacitively couples to a superconducting microwave resonator. As the microwave driving power increases, nonmonotonic dependence of the resonance frequency of the mechanical oscillator on the driving power has been observed. We also demonstrate the optical switching of the resonance frequency of the mechanical oscillator. Theoretical models for qualitative understanding of our experimental observations are presented. Our experiment may pave the way for the application of a mechanical oscillator with its resonance frequency controlled by the electromagnetic and/or optical fields, such as a microwave-optical interface and a controllable element in a superqubit-mechanical oscillator hybrid system.
The recent discovery of a nonsaturating linear magnetoresistance in several correlated electron systems near a quantum critical point has revealed an interesting interplay between the linear magnetoresistance and the zero-field linear-in-temperature resistivity. These studies suggest a possible role of quantum criticality on the observed linear magnetoresistance. Here, we report our discovery of a nonsaturating, linear magnetoresistance in Mo$_8$Ga$_{41}$, a nearly isotropic strong electron-phonon coupling superconductor with a linear-in-temperature resistivity from the transition temperature to $sim$55 K. The growth of the resistivity in field is comparable to that in temperature, provided that both quantities are measured in the energy unit. Our datasets are remarkably similar to magnetoresistance data of the optimally doped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$, despite the clearly different crystal and electronic structures, and the apparent absence of quantum critical physics in Mo$_8$Ga$_{41}$. A new empirical scaling formula is developed, which is able to capture the key features of the low-temperature magnetoresistance data of Mo$_8$Ga$_{41}$, as well as the data of La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$.
The elementary vortex pinning potential is studied in a chiral p-wave superconductor with a pairing d=z(k_x + i k_y) on the basis of the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity. An analytical investigation and numerical results are presented to show that the vortex pinning potential is dependent on whether the vorticity and chirality are parallel or antiparallel. Mutual cancellation of the vorticity and chirality around a vortex is physically crucial to the effect of the pinning center inside the vortex core.
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