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Register a new userExact solution of the Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone equation with three-body forces in nuclear matter
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An exact treatment of the operators Q/e(omega) and the total momentum is adopted to solve the nuclear matter Bruecker-Bethe-Goldstone equation with two- and three-body forces. The single-particle potential, equation of state and nucleon effective mass are calculated from the exact G-matrix. The results are compared with those obtained under the angle-average approximation and the angle-average approximation with total momentum approximation. It is found that the angle-average procedure, whereas preventing huge calculations of coupled channels, nevertheless provides a fairly accurate approximation. On the contrary, the total momentum approximation turns out to be quite inaccurate compared to its exact counterpart.
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We study the structure of hadronic protoneutron stars within the finite temperature Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone theoretical approach. Assuming beta-equilibrated nuclear matter with nucleons and leptons in the stellar core, with isothermal or isentropic profile, we show that particle populations and equation of state are very similar. As far as the maximum mass is concerned, we find that its value turns out to be almost independent on T, while a slight decrease is observed in the isentropic case, due to the enhanced proton fraction in the high density range.
The nuclear saturation mechanism is discussed in terms of two-nucleon and three-nucleon interactions in chiral effective field theory (Ch-EFT), using the framework of lowest-order Brueckner theory. After the Coester band, which is observed in calculating saturation points with various nucleon-nucleon (NN) forces, is revisited using modern NN potentials and their low-momentum equivalent interactions, detailed account of the saturation curve of the Ch-EFT interaction is presented. The three-nucleon force (3NF) is treated by reducing it to an effective two-body interaction by folding the third nucleon degrees of freedom. Uncertainties due to the choice of the 3NF low-energy constants $c_D$ and $c_E$ are discussed. The reduction of the cutoff-energy dependence of the NN potential is explained by demonstrating the effect of the 3NF in the $^1$S$_0$ and $^3$S$_1$ states.
We present microscopic valence-shell calculations of pairing gaps in the calcium isotopes, focusing on the role of three-nucleon (3N) forces and many-body processes. In most cases, we find a reduction in pairing strength when the leading chiral 3N forces are included, compared to results with low-momentum two-nucleon (NN) interactions only. This is in agreement with a recent energy density functional study. At the NN level, calculations that include particle-particle and hole-hole ladder contributions lead to smaller pairing gaps compared with experiment. When particle-hole contributions as well as the normal-ordered one- and two-body parts of 3N forces are consistently included to third order, we find reasonable agreement with experimental three-point mass differences. This highlights the important role of 3N forces and many-body processes for pairing in nuclei. Finally, we relate pairing gaps to the evolution of nuclear structure in neutron-rich calcium isotopes and study the predictions for the 2+ excitation energies, in particular for 54Ca.
On the way of a microscopic derivation of covariant density functionals, the first complete solution of the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) equations is presented for symmetric nuclear matter. In most of the earlier investigations, the $G$-matrix is calculated only in the space of positive energy solutions. On the other side, for the solution of the relativistic Hartree-Fock (RHF) equations, also the elements of this matrix connecting positive and negative energy solutions are required. So far, in the literature, these matrix elements are derived in various approximations. We discuss solutions of the Thompson equation for the full Dirac space and compare the resulting equation of state with those of earlier attempts in this direction.
The delta-shell representation of the nuclear force allows a simplified treatment of nuclear correlations. We show how this applies to the Bethe-Goldstone equation as an integral equation in coordinate space with a few mesh points, which is solved by inversion of a 5-dimensional square matrix in the single channel cases and a $10times10$ matrix for the tensor-coupled channels. This allows us to readily obtain the high momentum distribution, for all partial waves, of a back-to-back correlated nucleon pair in nuclear matter. We find that the probability of finding a high-momentum correlated neutron-proton pair is about 18 times that of a proton-proton one, as a result of the strong tensor force, thus confirming in an independent way previous results and measurements.
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