No Arabic abstract
We study charged lepton flavor violation (CLFV) associated with heavy quark pair production in lepton-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering $ell_i N to ell_j qbar{q} X$. Here $ell_i$ and $ell_j$ denote the initial and final leptons, $N$ and $X$ are initial nucleon and arbitrary final hadronic system, respectively. We employ a model Lagrangian in which a scalar and psuedoscalar mediator generate the CLFV. We derive heavy quark structure functions for scalar and pseudoscalar currents, and compute momentum distributions of the final lepton for the process. Our focus is on the heavy quark mass effects in the final lepton momentum distribution. We clarify a necessity of inclusion of the heavy quark mass to rise a sensitivity of search for CLFV in the deep inelastic scattering.
We present a comprehensive analysis of the potential sensitivity of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) to charged lepton flavor violation (CLFV) in the channel $epto tau X$, within the model-independent framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). We compute the relevant cross sections to leading order in QCD and electroweak corrections and perform simulations of signal and SM background events in various $tau$ decay channels, suggesting simple cuts to enhance the associated estimated efficiencies. To assess the discovery potential of the EIC in $tau$-$e$ transitions, we study the sensitivity of other probes of this physics across a broad range of energy scales, from $pp to e tau X$ at the Large Hadron Collider to decays of $B$ mesons and $tau$ leptons, such as $tau to e gamma$, $tau to e ell^+ ell^-$, and crucially the hadronic modes $tau to e Y$ with $Y in { pi, K, pi pi, K pi, ...}$. We find that electroweak dipole and four-fermion semi-leptonic operators involving light quarks are already strongly constrained by $tau$ decays, while operators involving the $c$ and $b$ quarks present more promising discovery potential for the EIC. An analysis of three models of leptoquarks confirms the expectations based on the SMEFT results. We also identify future directions needed to maximize the reach of the EIC in CLFV searches: these include an optimization of the $tau$ tagger in hadronic channels, an exploration of background suppression through tagging $b$ and $c$ jets in the final state, and a global fit by turning on all SMEFT couplings, which will likely reveal new discovery windows for the EIC.
We review recent results from the H1 and ZEUS experiments at HERA on charm and beauty production in ep collisions at 300 - 318 GeV centre-of-mass energy.
We show that new physics models without new flavor violating interactions can explain the recent anomalies in the $bto sell^+ell^-$ transitions. The $bto sell^+ell^-$ arises from a $Z$ penguin which automatically predicts the $V-A$ structure for the quark currents in the effective operators. This framework can be realized either in a renormalizable $U(1)$ setup or be due to new strongly interacting dynamics. The di-muon resonance searches at the LHC are becoming sensitive to this scenario since the $Z$ is relatively light, and could well be discovered in future searches by ATLAS and CMS.
We study the lepton-jet correlation in deep inelastic scattering. We perform one-loop calculations for the spin averaged and transverse spin dependent differential cross sections depending on the total transverse momentum of the final state lepton and the jet. The transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization formalism is applied to describe the relevant observables. To show the physics reach of this process, we perform a phenomenological study for HERA kinematics and comment on an ongoing analysis of experimental data. In addition, we highlight the potential of this process to constrain small-$x$ dynamics.
We investigate the sensitivity of electron-proton ($ep$) colliders for charged lepton flavor violation (cLFV) in an effective theory approach, considering a general effective Lagrangian for the conversion of an electron into a muon or a tau via the effective coupling to a neutral gauge boson or a neutral scalar field. For the photon, the $Z$ boson and the Higgs particle of the Standard Model, we present the sensitivities of the LHeC for the coefficients of the effective operators, calculated from an analysis at the reconstructed level. As an example model where such flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) operators are generated at loop level, we consider the extension of the Standard Model by sterile neutrinos. We show that the LHeC could already probe the LFV conversion of an electron into a muon beyond the current experimental bounds, and could reach more than an order of magnitude higher sensitivity than the present limits for LFV conversion of an electron into a tau. We discuss that the high sensitivities are possible because the converted charged lepton is dominantly emitted in the backward direction, enabling an efficient separation of the signal from the background.