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Register a new userThe equivariant Hilbert series of the canonical ring of Fermat curves
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We consider a Fermat curve $F_n:x^n+y^n+z^n=1$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $pgeq0$ and study the action of the automorphism group $G=left(mathbb{Z}/nmathbb{Z}timesmathbb{Z}/nmathbb{Z}right)rtimes S_3$ on the canonical ring $R=bigoplus H^0(F_n,Omega_{F_n}^{otimes m})$ when $p>3$, $p mid n$ and $n-1$ is not a power of $p$. In particular, we explicitly determine the classes $[H^0(F_n,Omega_{F_n}^{otimes m})]$ in the Grothendieck group $K_0(G,k)$ of finitely generated $k[G]$-modules, describe the respective equivariant Hilbert series $H_{R,G}(t)$ as a rational function, and use our results to write a program in Sage that computes $H_{R,G}(t)$ for an arbitrary Fermat curve.
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We study the critical points of the likelihood function over the Fermat hypersurface. This problem is related to one of the main problems in statistical optimization: maximum likelihood estimation. The number of critical points over a projective variety is a topological invariant of the variety and is called maximum likelihood degree. We provide closed formulas for the maximum likelihood degree of any Fermat curve in the projective plane and of Fermat hypersurfaces of degree 2 in any projective space. Algorithmic methods to compute the ML degree of a generic Fermat hypersurface are developed throughout the paper. Such algorithms heavily exploit the symmetries of the varieties we are considering. A computational comparison of the different methods and a list of the maximum likelihood degrees of several Fermat hypersurfaces are available in the last section.
Progress on the problem whether the Hilbert schemes of locally Cohen-Macaulay curves in projective 3 space are connected has been hampered by the lack of an answer to a question that was raised by Robin Hartshorne in his paper On the connectedness of the Hilbert scheme of curves in projective 3 space Comm. Algebra 28 (2000) and more recently in the open problems list of the 2010 AIM workshop Components of Hilbert Schemes available at http://aimpl.org/hilbertschemes: does there exist a flat irreducible family of curves whose general member is a union of d disjoint lines on a smooth quadric surface and whose special member is a locally Cohen-Macaulay curve in a double plane? In this paper we give a positive answer to this question: for every d, we construct a family with the required properties, whose special fiber is an extremal curve in the sense of Martin-Deschamps and Perrin. From this we conclude that every effective divisor in a smooth quadric surface is in the connected component of its Hilbert scheme that contains extremal curves.
Let $rho_C$ be the regularity of the Hilbert function of a projective curve $C$ in $mathbb P^n_K$ over an algebraically closed field $K$ and $alpha_1,...,alpha_{n-1}$ be minimal degrees for which there exists a complete intersection of type $(alpha_1,...,alpha_{n-1})$ containing the curve $C$. Then the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of $C$ is upper bounded by $max{rho_C+1,alpha_1+...+alpha_{n-1}-(n-2)}$. We study and, for space curves, refine the above bound providing several examples.
We give a notion of combinatorial proximity among strongly stable ideals in a given polynomial ring with a fixed Hilbert polynomial. We show that this notion guarantees geometric proximity of the corresponding points in the Hilbert scheme. We define a graph whose vertices correspond to strongly stable ideals and whose edges correspond to pairs of adjacent ideals. Every term order induces an orientation of the edges of the graph. This directed graph describes the behavior of the points of the Hilbert scheme under Grobner degenerations with respect to the given term order. Then, we introduce a polyhedral fan that we call Grobner fan of the Hilbert scheme. Each cone of maximal dimension corresponds to a different directed graph induced by a term order. This fan encodes several properties of the Hilbert scheme. We use these tools to present a new proof of the connectedness of the Hilbert scheme. Finally, we improve the technique introduced in the paper Double-generic initial ideal and Hilbert scheme by Bertone, Cioffi and Roggero to give a lower bound on the number of irreducible components of the Hilbert scheme.
The Hilbert scheme $mathbf{Hilb}_{p(t)}^{n}$ parametrizes closed subschemes and families of closed subschemes in the projective space $mathbb{P}^n$ with a fixed Hilbert polynomial $p(t)$. It is classically realized as a closed subscheme of a Grassmannian or a product of Grassmannians. In this paper we consider schemes over a field $k$ of characteristic zero and we present a new proof of the existence of the Hilbert scheme as a subscheme of the Grassmannian $mathbf{Gr}_{p(r)}^{N(r)}$, where $N(r)= h^0 (mathcal{O}_{mathbb{P}^n}(r))$. Moreover, we exhibit explicit equations defining it in the Plucker coordinates of the Plucker embedding of $mathbf{Gr}_{p(r)}^{N(r)}$. Our proof of existence does not need some of the classical tools used in previous proofs, as flattening stratifications and Gotzmanns Persistence Theorem. The degree of our equations is $text{deg} p(t)+2$, lower than the degree of the equations given by Iarrobino and Kleiman in 1999 and also lower (except for the case of hypersurfaces) than the degree of those proved by Haiman and Sturmfels in 2004 after Bayers conjecture in 1982. The novelty of our approach mainly relies on the deeper attention to the intrinsic symmetries of the Hilbert scheme and on some results about Grassmannian based on the notion of extensors.
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