No Arabic abstract
Conventional wireless techniques are becoming inadequate for beyond fifth-generation (5G) networks due to latency and bandwidth considerations. To improve the error performance and throughput of wireless communication systems, we propose physical layer network coding (PNC) in an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted environment. We consider an IRS-aided butterfly network, where we propose an algorithm for obtaining the optimal IRS phases. Also, analytic expressions for the bit error rate (BER) are derived. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly improves the BER performance. For instance, the BER at the relay in the presence of a 32-element IRS is three orders of magnitudes less than that without an IRS.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are recently gaining remarkable attention as a low-cost, hardware-efficient, and highly scalable technology capable of offering dynamic control of electro-magnetic wave propagation. Their envisioned dense deployment over various obstacles of the, otherwise passive, wireless communication environment has been considered as a revolutionary means to transform them into network entities with reconfigurable properties, providing increased environmental intelligence for diverse communication objectives. One of the major challenges with RIS-empowered wireless communications is the low-overhead dynamic configuration of multiple RISs, which according to the current hardware designs have very limited computing and storage capabilities. In this paper, we consider a typical communication pair between two nodes that is assisted by a plurality of RISs, and devise low-complexity supervised learning approaches for the RISs phase configurations. By assuming common tunable phases in groups of each RISs unit elements, we present multi-layer perceptron Neural Network (NN) architectures that can be trained either with positioning values or the instantaneous channel coefficients. We investigate centralized and individual training of the RISs, as well as their federation, and assess their computational requirements. Our simulation results, including comparisons with the optimal phase configuration scheme, showcase the benefits of adopting individual NNs at RISs for the link budget performance boosting.
Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication is being considered as an enabling technology for sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. The key idea of RIS-assisted communication is to enhance the capacity, coverage, energy efficiency, physical layer security, and many other aspects of modern wireless networks. At the same time, mobile edge computing (MEC) has already shown its huge potential by extending the computation, communication, and caching capabilities of a standalone cloud server to the network edge. In this article, we first provide an overview of how MEC and RIS can benefit each other. We envision that the integration of MEC and RIS will bring an unprecedented transformation to the future evolution of wireless networks. We provide a system-level perspective on the MEC-aided RIS (and RIS-assisted MEC) that will evolve wireless network towards 6G. We also outline some of the fundamental challenges that pertain to the implementation of MEC-aided RIS (and RIS-assisted MEC) networks. Finally, the key research trends in the RIS-assisted MEC are discussed.
Integrating large intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) into millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multi-input-multi-ouput (MIMO) has been a promising approach for improved coverage and throughput. Most existing work assumes the ideal channel estimation, which can be challenging due to the high-dimensional cascaded MIMO channels and passive reflecting elements. Therefore, this paper proposes a deep denoising neural network assisted compressive channel estimation for mmWave IRS systems to reduce the training overhead. Specifically, we first introduce a hybrid passive/active IRS architecture, where very few receive chains are employed to estimate the uplink user-to-IRS channels. At the channel training stage, only a small proportion of elements will be successively activated to sound the partial channels. Moreover, the complete channel matrix can be reconstructed from the limited measurements based on compressive sensing, whereby the common sparsity of angular domain mmWave MIMO channels among different subcarriers is leveraged for improved accuracy. Besides, a complex-valued denoising convolution neural network (CV-DnCNN) is further proposed for enhanced performance. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed solution over state-of-the-art solutions.
Terahertz (THz) communications have been envisioned as a promising enabler to provide ultra-high data transmission for sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. To tackle the blockage vulnerability brought by severe path attenuation and poor diffraction of THz waves, an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is put forward to smartly control the incident THz waves by adjusting the phase shifts. In this paper, we firstly design an efficient hardware structure of graphene-based IRS with phase response up to 306.82 degrees. Subsequently, to characterize the capacity of the IRS-enabled THz multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, an adaptive gradient descent (A-GD) algorithm is developed by dynamically updating the step size during the iterative process, which is determined by the second-order Taylor expansion formulation. In contrast with conventional gradient descent (C-GD) algorithm with fixed step size, the A-GD algorithm evidently improves the achievable rate performance. However, both A-GD algorithm and C-GD algorithm inherit the unacceptable complexity. Then a low complexity alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is proposed by alternately optimizing the precoding matrix by a column-by-column (CBC) algorithm and the phase shift matrix of the IRS by a linear search algorithm. Ultimately, the numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed hardware structure and the considered algorithms.
Multicast is a central challenge for emerging multi-hop wireless architectures such as wireless mesh networks, because of its substantial cost in terms of bandwidth. In this report, we study one specific case of multicast: broadcasting, sending data from one source to all nodes, in a multi-hop wireless network. The broadcast we focus on is based on network coding, a promising avenue for reducing cost; previous work of ours showed that the performance of network coding with simple heuristics is asymptotically optimal: each transmission is beneficial to nearly every receiver. This is for homogenous and large networks of the plan. But for small, sparse or for inhomogeneous networks, some additional heuristics are required. This report proposes such additional new heuristics (for selecting rates) for broadcasting with network coding. Our heuristics are intended to use only simple local topology information. We detail the logic of the heuristics, and with experimental results, we illustrate the behavior of the heuristics, and demonstrate their excellent performance.