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Register a new userPropagation of wave packets along intensive simple waves
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We consider propagation of high-frequency wave packets along a smooth evolving background flow whose evolution is described by a simple-wave type of solutions of hydrodynamic equations. In geometrical optics approximation, the motion of the wave packet obeys the Hamilton equations with the dispersion law playing the role of the Hamiltonian. This Hamiltonian depends also on the amplitude of the background flow obeying the Hopf-like equation for the simple wave. The combined system of Hamilton and Hopf equations can be reduced to a single ordinary differential equation whose solution determines the value of the background amplitude at the location of the wave packet. This approach extends the results obtained in Ref.~cite{ceh-19} for the rarefaction background flow to arbitrary simple-wave type background flows. The theory is illustrated by its application to waves obeying the KdV equation.
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In this work, a systematic study, examining the propagation of periodic and solitary wave along the magnetic field in a cold collision-free plasma, is presented. Employing the quasi-neutral approximation and the conservation of momentum flux and energy flux in the frame co-traveling with the wave, the exact analytical solution of the stationary solitary pulse is found analytically in terms of particle densities, parallel and transverse velocities, as well as transverse magnetic fields. Subsequently, this solution is generalized in the form of periodic waveforms represented by cnoidal-type waves. These considerations are fully analytical in the case where the total angular momentum flux $L$, due to the ion and electron motion together with the contribution due to the Maxwell stresses, vanishes. A graphical representation of all associated fields is also provided.
We investigate the dynamical properties of a strongly disordered micropolar lattice made up of cubic block units. This phononic lattice model supports both transverse and rotational degrees of freedom hence its disordered variant posses an interesting problem as it can be used to model physically important systems like beam-like microstructures. Different kinds of single site excitations (momentum or displacement) on the two degrees of freedom are found to lead to different energy transport both superdiffusive and subdiffusive. We show that the energy spreading is facilitated both by the low frequency extended waves and a set of high frequency modes located at the edge of the upper branch of the periodic case for any initial condition. However, the second moment of the energy distribution strongly depends on the initial condition and it is slower than the underlying one dimensional harmonic lattice (with one degree of freedom). Finally, a limiting case of the micropolar lattice is studied where Anderson localization is found to persist and no energy spreading takes place.
We report the observation of gravity-capillary waves on a torus of fluid. By means of an original technique, a stable torus is achieved by depositing water on a superhydrophobic groove with a shallow wedge-shaped channel running along its perimeter. Using a spatio-temporal optical measurement, we report the full dispersion relation of azimuthal waves propagating along the inner and outer torus borders, highlighting several branches modeled as varicose, sinuous and sloshing modes. Standing azimuthal waves are also studied leading to polygon-like patterns arising on the two torus borders with a number of sides different when a tunable decoupling of the two interfaces occurs. The quantized nature of the dispersion relation is also evidenced.
Three-dimensional excitable systems can create nonlinear scroll waves that rotate around one-dimensional phase singularities. Recent theoretical work predicts that these filaments drift along step-like height variations. Here we test this prediction using experiments with thin layers of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. We observe that over short distances scroll waves are attracted towards the step and then rapidly commence a steady drift along the step line. The translating filaments always reside in the shallow subsystem and terminate on the step plateau near the edge. Accordingly filaments in the deep subsystem initially collide with and shorten at the step wall. The drift speeds obey the predicted proportional dependence on the logarithm of the height ratio and the direction depends on the vortex chirality. We also observe drift along the perimeter of rectangular plateaus and find that the filaments perform sharp turns at the corners. In addition, we investigate rectangular troughs for which vortices of equal chirality can drift in different directions. The latter two effects are reproduced in numerical simulations with the Barkley model. The simulations show that narrow troughs instigate scroll wave encounters that induce repulsive interaction and symmetry breaking. Similar phenomena could exist in the geometrical complicated ventricles of the human heart where reentrant vortex waves cause tachycardia and fibrillation.
We investigate wave propagation in rotationally symmetric tubes with a periodic spatial modulation of cross section. Using an asymptotic perturbation analysis, the governing quasi two-dimensional reaction-diffusion equation can be reduced into a one-dimensional reaction-diffusion-advection equation. Assuming a weak perturbation by the advection term and using projection method, in a second step, an equation of motion for traveling waves within such tubes can be derived. Both methods predict properly the nonlinear dependence of the propagation velocity on the ratio of the modulation period of the geometry to the intrinsic width of the front, or pulse. As a main feature, we can observe finite intervals of propagation failure of waves induced by the tubes modulation. In addition, using the Fick-Jacobs approach for the highly diffusive limit we show that wave velocities within tubes are governed by an effective diffusion coefficient. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of a single bottleneck on the period of pulse trains within tubes. We observe period changes by integer fractions dependent on the bottleneck width and the period of the entering pulse train.
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