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Register a new userA Novel Sum-Product Detection Algorithm for Faster-than-Nyquist Signaling: A Deep Learning Approach
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Added by
Bryan Liu
Publication date
2020
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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A deep learning assisted sum-product detection algorithm (DL-SPDA) for faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling is proposed in this paper. The proposed detection algorithm works on a modified factor graph which concatenates a neural network function node to the variable nodes of the conventional FTN factor graph to approach the maximum a posterior probabilities (MAP) error performance. In specific, the neural network performs as a function node in the modified factor graph to deal with the residual intersymbol interference (ISI) that is not considered by the conventional detector with a limited complexity. We modify the updating rule in the conventional sum-product algorithm so that the neural network assisted detector can be complemented to a Turbo equalization receiver. Furthermore, we propose a compatible training technique to improve the detection performance of the proposed DL-SPDA with Turbo equalization. In particular, the neural network is optimized in terms of the mutual information between the transmitted sequence and the extrinsic information. We also investigate the maximum-likelihood bit error rate (BER) performance of a finite length coded FTN system. Simulation results show that the error performance of the proposed algorithm approaches the MAP performance, which is consistent with the analytical BER.
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A deep learning assisted sum-product detection algorithm (DL-SPA) for faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling is proposed in this paper. The proposed detection algorithm concatenates a neural network to the variable nodes of the conventional factor graph of the FTN system to help the detector converge to the a posterior probabilities based on the received sequence. More specifically, the neural network performs as a function node in the modified factor graph to deal with the residual intersymbol interference (ISI) that is not modeled by the conventional detector with a limited number of ISI taps. We modify the updating rule in the conventional sum-product algorithm so that the neural network assisted detector can be complemented to a Turbo equalization. Furthermore, a simplified convolutional neural network is employed as the neural network function node to enhance the detectors performance and the neural network needs a small number of batches to be trained. Simulation results have shown that the proposed DL-SPA achieves a performance gain up to 2.5 dB with the same bit error rate compared to the conventional sum-product detection algorithm under the same ISI responses.
Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling is a promising non-orthogonal physical layer transmission technique to improve the spectral efficiency of future communication systems but at the expense of intersymbol-interference (ISI). In this paper, we investigate the detection problem of FTN signaling and formulate the sequence estimation problem of any $M$-ary phase shift keying (PSK) FTN signaling as an optimization problem that turns out to be non-convex and nondeterministic polynomial time (NP)-hard to solve. We propose a novel algorithm, based on concepts from semidefinite relaxation (SDR) and Gaussian randomization, to detect any $M$-ary PSK FTN signaling in polynomial time complexity regardless of the constellation size $M$ or the ISI length. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm strikes a balance between the achieved performance and the computational complexity. Additionally, results show the merits of the proposed algorithm in improving the spectral efficiency when compared to Nyquist signaling and the state-of-the-art schemes from the literature. In particular, when compared to Nyquist signaling at the same error rate and signal-to-noise ratio, our scheme provides around $17%$ increase in the spectral efficiency at a roll-off factor of 0.3.
Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signal achieves higher spectral efficiency and capacity compared to Nyquist signal due to its smaller pulse interval or narrower subcarrier spacing. Shannon limit typically defines the upper-limit capacity of Nyquist signal. To the best of our knowledge, the mathematical expression for the capacity limit of FTN non-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (NOFDM) signal is first demonstrated in this paper. The mathematical expression shows that FTN NOFDM signal has the potential to achieve a higher capacity limit compared to Nyquist signal. In this paper, we demonstrate the principle of FTN NOFDM by taking fractional cosine transform-based NOFDM (FrCT-NOFDM) for instance. FrCT-NOFDM is first proposed and implemented by both simulation and experiment. When the bandwidth compression factor $alpha$ is set to $0.8$ in FrCT-NOFDM, the subcarrier spacing is equal to $40%$ of the symbol rate per subcarrier, thus the transmission rate is about $25%$ faster than Nyquist rate. FTN NOFDM with higher capacity would be promising in the future communication systems, especially in the bandwidth-limited applications.
Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling is a promising non-orthogonal pulse modulation technique that can improve the spectral efficiency (SE) of next generation communication systems at the expense of higher detection complexity to remove the introduced inter-symbol interference (ISI). In this paper, we investigate the detection problem of ultra high-order quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM) FTN signaling where we exploit a mathematical programming technique based on the alternating directions multiplier method (ADMM). The proposed ADMM sequence estimation (ADMMSE) FTN signaling detector demonstrates an excellent trade-off between performance and computational effort enabling, for the first time in the FTN signaling literature, successful detection and SE gains for QAM modulation orders as high as 64K (65,536). The complexity of the proposed ADMMSE detector is polynomial in the length of the transmit symbols sequence and its sensitivity to the modulation order increases only logarithmically. Simulation results show that for 16-QAM, the proposed ADMMSE FTN signaling detector achieves comparable SE gains to the generalized approach semidefinite relaxation-based sequence estimation (GASDRSE) FTN signaling detector, but at an experimentally evaluated much lower computational time. Simulation results additionally show SE gains for modulation orders starting from 4-QAM, or quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), up to and including 64K-QAM when compared to conventional Nyquist signaling. The very low computational effort required makes the proposed ADMMSE detector a practically promising FTN signaling detector for both low order and ultra high-order QAM FTN signaling systems.
Ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) requires short packets of data transmission. It is known that when the packet length becomes short, the achievable rate is subject to a penalty when compared to the channel capacity. In this paper, we propose to use faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling to compensate for the achievable rate loss of short packet communications. We investigate the performance of a combination of a low complexity detector of FTN signaling used with nonbinary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes that is suitable for low-latency and short block length requirements of URLLC systems. Our investigation shows that such combination of low-complexity FTN signaling detection and NB-LDPC codes outperforms the use of close-to-optimal FTN signaling detectors with LDPC codes in terms of error rate performance and also has a considerably lower computational complexity.
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