Three characterizations of a self-similar aperiodic 2-dimensional subshift


Abstract in English

The goal of this chapter is to illustrate a generalization of the Fibonacci word to the case of 2-dimensional configurations on $mathbb{Z}^2$. More precisely, we consider a particular subshift of $mathcal{A}^{mathbb{Z}^2}$ on the alphabet $mathcal{A}={0,dots,18}$ for which we give three characterizations: as the subshift $mathcal{X}_phi$ generated by a 2-dimensional morphism $phi$ defined on $mathcal{A}$; as the Wang shift $Omega_mathcal{U}$ defined by a set $mathcal{U}$ of 19 Wang tiles; as the symbolic dynamical system $mathcal{X}_{mathcal{P}_mathcal{U},R_mathcal{U}}$ representing the orbits under some $mathbb{Z}^2$-action $R_mathcal{U}$ defined by rotations on $mathbb{T}^2$ and coded by some topological partition $mathcal{P}_mathcal{U}$ of $mathbb{T}^2$ into 19 polygonal atoms. We prove their equality $Omega_mathcal{U} =mathcal{X}_phi=mathcal{X}_{mathcal{P}_mathcal{U},R_mathcal{U}}$ by showing they are self-similar with respect to the substitution $phi$. This chapter provides a transversal reading of results divided into four different articles obtained through the study of the Jeandel-Rao Wang shift. It gathers in one place the methods introduced to desubstitute Wang shifts and to desubstitute codings of $mathbb{Z}^2$-actions by focussing on a simple 2-dimensional self-similar subshift. SageMath code to find marker tiles and compute the Rauzy induction of $mathbb{Z}^2$-rotations is provided allowing to reproduce the computations.

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