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Register a new userAutomated Aggregator -- Rewriting with the Counting Aggregate
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Publication date
2020
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
Authors
Michael Dingess
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Answer set programming is a leading declarative constraint programming paradigm with wide use for complex knowledge-intensive applications. Modern answer set programming languages support many equivalent ways to model constraints and specifications in a program. However, so far answer set programming has failed to develop systematic methodologies for building representations that would uniformly lend well to automated processing. This suggests that encoding selection, in the same way as algorithm selection and portfolio solving, may be a viable direction for improving performance of answer-set solving. The necessary precondition is automating the process of generating possible alternative encodings. Here we present an automated rewriting system, the Automated Aggregator or AAgg, that given a non-ground logic program, produces a family of equivalent programs with complementary performance when run under modern answer set programming solvers. We demonstrate this behavior through experimental analysis and propose the systems use in automated answer set programming solver selection tools.
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I propose a system for Automated Theorem Proving in higher order logic using deep learning and eschewing hand-constructed features. Holophrasm exploits the formalism of the Metamath language and explores partial proof trees using a neural-network-augmented bandit algorithm and a sequence-to-sequence model for action enumeration. The system proves 14% of its test theorems from Metamaths set.mm module.
We study the symmetric weighted first-order model counting task and present ApproxWFOMC, a novel anytime method for efficiently bounding the weighted first-order model count in the presence of an unweighted first-order model counting oracle. The algorithm has applications to inference in a variety of first-order probabilistic representations, such as Markov logic networks and probabilistic logic programs. Crucially for many applications, we make no assumptions on the form of the input sentence. Instead, our algorithm makes use of the symmetry inherent in the problem by imposing cardinality constraints on the number of possible true groundings of a sentences literals. Realising the first-order model counting oracle in practice using the approximate hashing-based model counter ApproxMC3, we show how our algorithm outperforms existing approximate and exact techniques for inference in first-order probabilistic models. We additionally provide PAC guarantees on the generated bounds.
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Aiming at expanding few-shot relations coverage in knowledge graphs (KGs), few-shot knowledge graph completion (FKGC) has recently gained more research interests. Some existing models employ a few-shot relations multi-hop neighbor information to enhance its semantic representation. However, noise neighbor information might be amplified when the neighborhood is excessively sparse and no neighbor is available to represent the few-shot relation. Moreover, modeling and inferring complex relations of one-to-many (1-N), many-to-one (N-1), and many-to-many (N-N) by previous knowledge graph completion approaches requires high model complexity and a large amount of training instances. Thus, inferring complex relations in the few-shot scenario is difficult for FKGC models due to limited training instances. In this paper, we propose a few-shot relational learning with global-local framework to address the above issues. At the global stage, a novel gated and attentive neighbor aggregator is built for accurately integrating the semantics of a few-shot relations neighborhood, which helps filtering the noise neighbors even if a KG contains extremely sparse neighborhoods. For the local stage, a meta-learning based TransH (MTransH) method is designed to model complex relations and train our model in a few-shot learning fashion. Extensive experiments show that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art FKGC approaches on the frequently-used benchmark datasets NELL-One and Wiki-One. Compared with the strong baseline model MetaR, our model achieves 5-shot FKGC performance improvements of 8.0% on NELL-One and 2.8% on Wiki-One by the metric Hits@10.
Open-domain question answering (QA) is an important problem in AI and NLP that is emerging as a bellwether for progress on the generalizability of AI methods and techniques. Much of the progress in open-domain QA systems has been realized through advances in information retrieval methods and corpus construction. In this paper, we focus on the recently introduced ARC Challenge dataset, which contains 2,590 multiple choice questions authored for grade-school science exams. These questions are selected to be the most challenging for current QA systems, and current state of the art performance is only slightly better than random chance. We present a system that rewrites a given question into queries that are used to retrieve supporting text from a large corpus of science-related text. Our rewriter is able to incorporate background knowledge from ConceptNet and -- in tandem with a generic textual entailment system trained on SciTail that identifies support in the retrieved results -- outperforms several strong baselines on the end-to-end QA task despite only being trained to identify essential terms in the original source question. We use a generalizable decision methodology over the retrieved evidence and answer candidates to select the best answer. By combining query rewriting, background knowledge, and textual entailment our system is able to outperform several strong baselines on the ARC dataset.
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