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Register a new userGrand unfication models from SO(32) heterotic string
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Authors
Jihn E. Kim
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Grand unification groups (GUTs) are constructed from SO(32) heterotic string via $Z_{12-I}$ orbifold compactification. So far, most phenomenological studies from string compactification relied on $EE8$ heterotic string, and this invites the SO(32) heterotic string very useful for future phenomenological studies. Here, spontaneous symmetry breaking is achieved by Higgsing of the anti-symmetric tensor representations of SU($N$). The anti-SU($N$) presented in this paper is a completely different class from the flipped-SU($N$)s from the spinor representations of SO($2N$). Here, we realize chiral representations: $tsixoplus 5cdot ineb $ for a SU(9) GUT and $3{{ten}_Loplus {fiveb}_L}$ for a SU(5)$$ GUT. In particular, we confirm that the non-Abelian anomalies of SU(9) gauge group vanish and hence our compactification scheme achieves the key requirement. We also present the Yukawa couplings, in particular for the heaviest fermion, $t$, and lightest fermions, neutrinos. In the supersymmetric version, we present a scenario how supersymmetry can be broken dynamically via the confining gauge group SU(9). Three families in the visible sector are interpreted as the chiral spectra of SU(5)$$ GUT.
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We search for realistic supersymmetric standard-like models from SO(32) heterotic string theory on factorizable tori with multiple magnetic fluxes. Three chiral ganerations of quarks and leptons are derived from the adjoint and vector representations of SO(12) gauge groups embedded in SO(32) adjoint representation. Massless spectra of our models also include Higgs fields, which have desired Yukawa couplings to quarks and leptons at the tree-level.
Using Z3 asymmetric orbifolds in heterotic string theory, we construct N=1 SUSY three-generation models with the standard model gauge group SU(3)_C times SU(2)_L times U(1)_Y and the left-right symmetric group SU(3)_C times SU(2)_L times SU(2)_R times U(1)_{B-L}. One of the models possesses a gauge flavor symmetry for the Z3 twisted matter.
We construct a supersymmetric standard model in the context of the Z_{12-I} orbifold compactification of the E_8 x E_8 heterotic string theory. The gauge group is SU(3)_c x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y x U(1)^4 x [SO(10) x U(1)^3] with sin^2theta_W = 3/8. We obtain three families of SO(10) spinor-like chiral matter states, and Higgs doublets. All other extra states are exactly vector-like under the standard model gauge symmetry. There are numerous standard model singlets, many of which get VEVs such that only the standard model gauge symmetry survives and desired Yukawa couplings can be generated at lower energies. In particular, all vector-like exotic states achieve superheavy masses and the R-parity can be preserved.
We present a novel string-derived $U(1)$ combination that satisfies necessary properties to survive to low scales. We discuss previous attempts at acquiring such an abelian gauge symmetry from two different string embeddings and the pitfalls associated with them. Finally, we give an example of how a satisfactory model may be constructed within our framework.
We extend the classification of fermionic $mathbb{Z}_2timesmathbb{Z}_2$ heterotic string orbifolds to non--supersymmetric Pati--Salam (PS) models in two classes of vacua, that we dub $tilde S$--models and $S$--models. The first correspond to compactifications of a tachyonic ten--dimensional vacuum, whereas the second correspond to compactifications of the ten--dimensional tachyon--free $SO(16)times SO(16)$ heterotic string. In both cases we develop a systematic method to extract tachyon--free four--dimensional models. We show that tachyon--free configurations arise with probability $sim0.002$ and $sim0.01$ in the first and second case, respectively. We adapt the `fertility methodology that facilitates the extraction of phenomenological models. We show that Pati--Salam $tilde S$--models do not contain heavy Higgs scalar representations that are required to break the PS symmetry to the Standard Model and are therefore not phenomenologically viable. Hence, we argue that in $tilde S$--models the $SO(10)$ GUT symmetry must be broken at the string scale to the Standard--like Model subgroup. We extract tachyon--free three generation models in both cases that contain an equal number of massless bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom, ${it i.e.}$ with $a_{00}=N_b^0-N_f^0=0$, and analyse their one--loop partition function.
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