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Register a new userA note on dense bipartite induced subgraphs
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Stefan Glock
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This exposition contains a short and streamlined proof of the recent result of Kwan, Letzter, Sudakov and Tran that every triangle-free graph with minimum degree $d$ contains an induced bipartite subgraph with average degree $Omega(ln d/lnln d)$.
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A hypergraph $mathcal{F}$ is non-trivial intersecting if every two edges in it have a nonempty intersection but no vertex is contained in all edges of $mathcal{F}$. Mubayi and Verstra{e}te showed that for every $k ge d+1 ge 3$ and $n ge (d+1)n/d$ every $k$-graph $mathcal{H}$ on $n$ vertices without a non-trivial intersecting subgraph of size $d+1$ contains at most $binom{n-1}{k-1}$ edges. They conjectured that the same conclusion holds for all $d ge k ge 4$ and sufficiently large $n$. We confirm their conjecture by proving a stronger statement. They also conjectured that for $m ge 4$ and sufficiently large $n$ the maximum size of a $3$-graph on $n$ vertices without a non-trivial intersecting subgraph of size $3m+1$ is achieved by certain Steiner systems. We give a construction with more edges showing that their conjecture is not true in general.
Motzkin and Straus established a remarkable connection between the maximum clique and the Lagrangian of a graph in 1965. This connection and its extensions were successfully employed in optimization to provide heuristics for the maximum clique number in graphs. It is useful in practice if similar results hold for hypergraphs. In this paper, we provide upper bounds on the Lagrangian of a hypergraph containing dense subgraphs when the number of edges of the hypergraph is in certain ranges. These results support a pair of conjectures introduced by Y. Peng and C. Zhao (2012) and extend a result of J. Talbot (2002). keywords{Cliques of hypergraphs and Colex ordering and Lagrangians of hypergraphs and Polynomial optimization}
Kuhn, Osthus and Taraz showed that for each gamma>0 there exists C such that any n-vertex graph with minimum degree gamma n contains a planar subgraph with at least 2n-C edges. We find the optimum value of C for all gamma<1/2 and sufficiently large n.
The notion of a 12-representable graph was introduced by Jones et al.. This notion generalizes the notions of the much studied permutation graphs and co-interval graphs. It is known that any 12-representable graph is a comparability graph, and also that a tree is 12-representable if and only if it is a double caterpillar. Moreover, Jones et al. initiated the study of 12-representability of induced subgraphs of a grid graph, and asked whether it is possible to characterize such graphs. This question in is meant to be about induced subgraphs of a grid graph that consist of squares, which we call square grid graphs. However, an induced subgraph in a grid graph does not have to contain entire squares, and we call such graphs line grid graphs. In this paper we answer the question of Jones et al. by providing a complete characterization of $12$-representable square grid graphs in terms of forbidden induced subgraphs. Moreover, we conjecture such a characterization for the line grid graphs and give a number of results towards solving this challenging conjecture. Our results are a major step in the direction of characterization of all 12-representable graphs since beyond our characterization, we also discuss relations between graph labelings and 12-representability, one of the key open questions in the area.
Balogh, Csaba, Jing and Pluhar recently determined the minimum degree threshold that ensures a $2$-coloured graph $G$ contains a Hamilton cycle of significant colour bias (i.e., a Hamilton cycle that contains significantly more than half of its edges in one colour). In this short note we extend this result, determining the corresponding threshold for $r$-colourings.
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