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Register a new userFredholm conditions and index for restrictions of invariant pseudodifferential operators to isotypical components
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Let $Gamma$ be a compact group acting on a smooth, compact manifold $M$, let $P in psi^m(M; E_0, E_1)$ be a $Gamma$-invariant, classical pseudodifferential operator acting between sections of two equivariant vector bundles $E_i to M$, $i = 0,1$, and let $alpha$ be an irreducible representation of the group $Gamma$. Then $P$ induces a map $pi_alpha(P) : H^s(M; E_0)_alpha to H^{s-m}(M; E_1)_alpha$ between the $alpha$-isotypical components of the corresponding Sobolev spaces of sections. When $Gamma$ is finite, we explicitly characterize the operators $P$ for which the map $pi_alpha(P)$ is Fredholm in terms of the principal symbol of $P$ and the action of $Gamma$ on the vector bundles $E_i$. When $Gamma = {1}$, that is, when there is no group, our result extends the classical characterization of Fredholm (pseudo)differential operators on compact manifolds. The proof is based on a careful study of the symbol $C^*$-algebra and of the topology of its primitive ideal spectrum. We also obtain several results on the structure of the norm closure of the algebra of invariant pseudodifferential operators and their relation to induced representations. Whenever our results also hold for non-discrete groups, we prove them in this greater generality. As an illustration of the generality of our results, we provide some applications to Hodge theory and to index theory of singular quotient spaces.
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We answer the question of when an invariant pseudodifferential operator is Fredholm on a fixed, given isotypical component. More precisely, let $Gamma$ be a compact group acting on a smooth, compact, manifold $M$ without boundary and let $P in psi^m(M; E_0, E_1)$ be a $Gamma$-invariant, classical, pseudodifferential operator acting between sections of two $Gamma$-equivariant vector bundles $E_0$ and $E_1$. Let $alpha$ be an irreducible representation of the group $Gamma$. Then $P$ induces by restriction a map $pi_alpha(P) : H^s(M; E_0)_alpha to H^{s-m}(M; E_1)_alpha$ between the $alpha$-isotypical components of the corresponding Sobolev spaces of sections. We study in this paper conditions on the map $pi_alpha(P)$ to be Fredholm. It turns out that the discrete and non-discrete cases are quite different. Additionally, the discrete abelian case, which provides some of the most interesting applications, presents some special features and is much easier than the general case. We thus concentrate in this paper on the case when $Gamma$ is finite abelian. We prove then that the restriction $pi_alpha(P)$ is Fredholm if, and only if, $P$ is $alpha$-elliptic, a condition defined in terms of the principal symbol of $P$. If $P$ is elliptic, then $P$ is also $alpha$-elliptic, but the converse is not true in general. However, if $Gamma$ acts freely on a dense open subset of $M$, then $P$ is $alpha$-elliptic for the given fixed $alpha$ if, and only if, it is elliptic. The proofs are based on the study of the structure of the algebra $psi^{m}(M; E)^Gamma$ of classical, $Gamma$-invariant pseudodifferential operators acting on sections of the vector bundle $E to M$ and of the structure of its restrictions to the isotypical components of $Gamma$. These structures are described in terms of the isotropy groups of the action of the group $Gamma$ on $E to M$.
In this paper, we derive, from a general Simonenkos local principle, Fredholm criteria for restriction to isotypical components. More precisely, we gave a full proof, of the equivariant local principle for restriction to isotypical components of invariant pseudodifferential operators announced in cite{BCLN2}. Furthermore, we extend this result by relaxing the hypothesis made in the preceding quoted paper.
Let $G$ be a compact Lie group acting smoothly on a smooth, compact manifold $M$, let $P in psi^m(M; E_0, E_1)$ be a $G$--invariant, classical pseudodifferential operator acting between sections of two vector bundles $E_i to M$, $i = 0,1$, and let $alpha$ be an irreducible representation of the group $G$. Then $P$ induces a map $pi_alpha(P) : H^s(M; E_0)_alpha to H^{s-m}(M; E_1)_alpha$ between the $alpha$-isotypical components. We prove that the map $pi_alpha(P)$ is Fredholm if, and only if, $P$ is {em transversally $alpha$-elliptic}, a condition defined in terms of the principal symbol of $P$ and the action of $G$ on the vector bundles $E_i$.
A C*algebra A generated by a class of zero-order classical pseudodifferential operator on a cylinder RxB, where B is a compact riemannian manifold, containing operators with periodic symbols, is considered. A description of the K-theory index map associated to the continuous extension to A of the principal-symbol map is given. That index map takes values in K_0 of the commutator ideal E of the algebra, which is isomorphic to Z^2. It maps the K_1-class of an operator invertible modulo E to the Fredholm indices of a pair of elliptic pseudodifferentail operators on SxB, where S denotes the circle.
In cite{APSIII} Atiyah, Patodi and Singer introduced spectral flow for elliptic operators on odd dimensional compact manifolds. They argued that it could be computed from the Fredholm index of an elliptic operator on a manifold of one higher dimension. A general proof of this fact was produced by Robbin-Salamon cite{RS95}. In cite{GLMST}, a start was made on extending these ideas to operators with some essential spectrum as occurs on non-compact manifolds. The new ingredient introduced there was to exploit scattering theory following the fundamental paper cite{Pu08}. These results do not apply to differential operators directly, only to pseudo-differential operators on manifolds, due to the restrictive assumption that spectral flow is considered between an operator and {its perturbation by a relatively trace-class operator}. In this paper we extend the main results of these earlier papers to spectral flow between an operator and a perturbation satisfying a higher $p^{th}$ Schatten class condition for $0leq p<infty$, thus allowing differential operators on manifolds of any dimension $d<p+1$. In fact our main result does not assume any ellipticity or Fredholm properties at all and proves an operator theoretic trace formula motivated by cite{BCPRSW, CGK16}. This leads us to introduce a notion of `generalised spectral flow for such paths and to investigate its properties.
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