This paper aims to focus on Richardson varieties on symplectic groups, especially their combinatorial characterization and defining equations. Schubert varieties and opposite Schubert varieties have profound significance in the study of generalized flag varieties which are not only research objects in algebraic geometry but also ones in representation theory. A more general research object is Richardson variety, which is obtained by the intersection of a Schubert variety and an opposite Schubert variety. The structure of Richardson variety on Grassmannian and its combinatorial characterization are well known, and there are also similar method on quotients of symplectic groups. In the first part of this paper, we calculate the orbit of the symplectic group action, and then rigorously give a method to describe the corresponding quotient by using the nesting subspace sequence of the linear space, i.e. flags. At the same time, the flag is used to describe the Schubert variety and Richardson variety on quotient of symplectic group. The flag varieties of Sp_{2n}(k)/P_d can be viewed as closed subvarieties of Grassmannian. Using the standard monomial theory, we obtain the generators of its ideal, i.e. its defining equations, in homogeneous coordinate ring of Grassmannian. Furthermore, we prove several properties of the type C standard monomial on the symplectic group flag variety. Defining equations of Richardson varieties on Sp_{2n}(k)/P_d are given as well.
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