Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userMathematical Model of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
132
0
0.0
(
0
)
Ask ChatGPT about the research
No Arabic abstract
A one dimensional (1-D), isothermal model for a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is presented. This model accounts for the kinetics of the multi-step methanol oxidation reaction at the anode. Diffusion and crossover of methanol are modeled and the mixed potential of the oxygen cathode due to methanol crossover is included. Kinetic and diffusional parameters are estimated by comparing the model to data from a 25 cm2 DMFC. This semi-analytical model can be solved rapidly so that it is suitable for inclusion in real-time system level DMFC simulations.
rate research
Read More
Under typical PEM fuel cell operating conditions, part of membrane electrode assembly is subjected to humidity cycling due to variation of inlet gas RH and/or flow rate. Cyclic membrane hydration/dehydration would cause cyclic swelling/shrinking of the unconstrained membrane. In a constrained membrane, it causes cyclic stress resulting in mechanical failure in the area adjacent to the gas inlet. A mathematical modeling framework for prediction of the lifetime of a PEM FC membrane subjected to hydration cycling is developed in this paper. The model predicts membrane lifetime as a function of RH cycling amplitude and membrane mechanical properties. The modeling framework consists of three model components: a fuel cell RH distribution model, a hydration/dehydration induced stress model that predicts stress distribution in the membrane, and a damage accrual model that predicts membrane life-time. Short descriptions of the model components along with overall framework are presented in the paper. The model was used for lifetime prediction of a GORE-SELECT membrane.
In this paper, we discuss critical aspects of the mechanisms and features of polymer proton exchange membrane (PEM) degradation in low-temperature H2/O2 fuel cell. In this paper, we focused on chemical mechanism of OH radical generation and their distribution in operational fuel cell. According to the current concept, free radicals are generated from hydrogen and oxygen crossover gases at the surface of Pt particles that precipitated in the membrane. We explicitly calculate Pt precipitation rate and electrochemical potential distribution in the membrane that controls it. Based on radical generation rate and Pt distribution we calculate degradation rate of the membrane taking advantage of simple kinetics equations.
A carbon corrosion model is developed based on the formation of surface oxides on carbon and platinum of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell electrode. The model predicts the rate of carbon corrosion under potential hold and potential cycling conditions. The model includes the interaction of carbon surface oxides with transient species like OH radicals to explain observed carbon corrosion trends under normal PEM fuel cell operating conditions. The model prediction agrees qualitatively with the experimental data supporting the hypothesis that the interplay of surface oxide formation on carbon and platinum is the primary driver of carbon corrosion.
The reversibility and cyclability of anionic redox in battery electrodes hold the key to its practical employments. Here, through mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (mRIXS), we have independently quantified the evolving redox states of both cations and anions in Na2/3Mg1/3Mn2/3O2. The bulk-Mn redox emerges from initial discharge and is quantified by inverse-partial fluorescence yield (iPFY) from Mn-L mRIXS. Bulk and surface Mn activities likely lead to the voltage fade. O-K super-partial fluorescence yield (sPFY) analysis of mRIXS shows 79% lattice oxygen-redox reversibility during initial cycle, with 87% capacity sustained after 100 cycles. In Li1.17Ni0.21Co0.08Mn0.54O2, lattice-oxygen redox is 76% initial-cycle reversible but with only 44% capacity retention after 500 cycles. These results unambiguously show the high reversibility of lattice-oxygen redox in both Li-ion and Na-ion systems. The contrast between Na2/3Mg1/3Mn2/3O2 and Li1.17Ni0.21Co0.08Mn0.54O2 systems suggests the importance of distinguishing lattice-oxygen redox from other oxygen activities for clarifying its intrinsic properties.
We present a novel mathematical model of heterogeneous cell proliferation where the total population consists of a subpopulation of slow-proliferating cells and a subpopulation of fast-proliferating cells. The model incorporates two cellular processes, asymmetric cell division and induced switching between proliferative states, which are important determinants for the heterogeneity of a cell population. As motivation for our model we provide experimental data that illustrate the induced-switching process. Our model consists of a system of two coupled delay differential equations with distributed time delays and the cell densities as functions of time. The distributed delays are bounded and allow for the choice of delay kernel. We analyse the model and prove the non-negativity and boundedness of solutions, the existence and uniqueness of solutions, and the local stability characteristics of the equilibrium points. We find that the parameters for induced switching are bifurcation parameters and therefore determine the long-term behaviour of the model. Numerical simulations illustrate and support the theoretical findings, and demonstrate the primary importance of transient dynamics for understanding the evolution of many experimental cell populations.
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
