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Register a new userProton Decay and Axion Dark Matter in SO(10) Grand Unification via Minimal Left-Right Symmetry
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We study the proton lifetime in the $SO(10)$ Grand Unified Theory (GUT), which has the left-right (LR) symmetric gauge theory below the GUT scale. In particular, we focus on the minimal model without the bi-doublet Higgs field in the LR symmetric model, which predicts the LR-breaking scale at around $10^{10text{--}12}$ GeV. The Wilson coefficients of the proton decay operators turn out to be considerably larger than those in the minimal $SU(5)$ GUT model especially when the Standard Model Yukawa interactions are generated by integrating out extra vector-like multiplets. As a result, we find that the proton lifetime can be within the reach of the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment even when the GUT gauge boson mass is in the $10^{16text{--}17}$ GeV range. We also show that the mass of the extra vector-like multiplets can be generated by the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking in a consistent way with the axion dark matter scenario.
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We discuss the possibility to predict the QCD axion mass in the context of grand unified theories. We investigate the implementation of the DFSZ mechanism in the context of renormalizable SU(5) theories. In the simplest theory, the axion mass can be predicted with good precision in the range $m_a = (2-16)$ neV, and there is a strong correlation between the predictions for the axion mass and proton decay rates. In this context, we predict an upper bound for the proton decay channels with antineutrinos, $tau(pto K^+ bar{ u}) lesssim 4 times 10^{37} text{ yr}$ and $tau(p to pi^+ bar{ u}) lesssim 2 times 10^{36}text{ yr}$. This theory can be considered as the minimal realistic grand unified theory with the DFSZ mechanism and it can be fully tested by proton decay and axion experiments.
A detailed study of a fermionic quintuplet dark matter in a left-right symmetric scenario is performed in this article. The minimal quintuplet dark matter model is highly constrained from the WMAP dark matter relic density (RD) data. To elevate this constraint, an extra singlet scalar is introduced. It introduces a host of new annihilation and co-annihilation channels for the dark matter, allowing even sub-TeV masses. The phenomenology of this singlet scalar is studied in detail in the context of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiment. The production and decay of this singlet scalar at the LHC give rise to interesting resonant di-Higgs or diphoton final states. We also constrain the RD allowed parameter space of this model in light of the ATLAS bounds on the resonant di-Higgs and diphoton cross-sections.
If left-right gauge theory occurs as an intermediate symmetry in a GUT then, apart from other advantages, it is possible to obtain the see-saw scale necessary to understand small neutrino masses with Majorana coupling of order unity. Barring threshold or non-renormalizable gravitational effects, or assumed presence of additional light scalar particles of unprescribed origin, all other attempts to achieve manifest one-loop gauge coupling unification in SUSY SO(10) with left-right intermediate symmetry have not been successful so far. Attributing this failure to lack of flavor symmetry in the GUT, we show how the spontaneous symmetry breaking of $SO(10)times S_4$ leads to such intermediate scale extending over a wide range, $M_R simeq 5times 10^{9}$ GeV to $10^{15}$ GeV. All the charged fermion masses are fitted at the see-saw scale, $M_Nsimeq M_R simeq 4 times 10^{13}$ GeV which is obtained with Majorana coupling $f_0 simeq 1$. Using a constrained parametrization in which CP-violation originates only from quark sector, besides other predictions made in the neutrino sector, the reactor mixing angle is found to be $theta_{13} simeq 3^{circ} - 5^{circ}$ which is in the range accessible to ongoing and planned experiments. The leptonic Dirac phase turns out to be $delta sim 2.9- 3.1$ radians with Jarlskog invariant $J sim 2.95 times 10^{-5} - 10^{-3}$.
We present a new possibility for achieving doublet-triplet splitting naturally in supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theories. It is based on a missing partner mechanism which is realized with the 126 + 126-bar Higgs superfields. These Higgs fields, which are also needed for generating Majorana right-handed neutrino masses, contain a pair of color triplets in excess of weak doublets. This feature enables us to remove the color triplets from the low energy spectrum without fine-tuning. We give all the needed ingredients for a successful implementation of the missing partner mechanism in SO(10) and present explicit models wherein the Higgs doublet mass is protected against possible non-renormalizable corrections to all orders. We also show how realistic fermion masses can be generated in this context.
In an unconventional realization of left-right symmetry, the particle corresponding to the left-handed neutrino nu_L (with SU(2)_L interactions) in the right-handed sector, call it n_R (with SU(2)_R interactions), is not its Dirac mass partner, but a different particle which may be a dark-matter candidate. In parallel to leptogenesis in the SU(2)_L sector, asymmetric production of n_R may occur in the SU(2)_R sector. This mechanism is especially suited for n_R mass of order 1 to 10 keV, i.e. warm dark matter, which is a possible new paradigm for explaining the structure of the Universe at all scales.
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