In this note, we adapt the procedure of the Long-Moody procedure to construct linear representations of welded braid groups. We exhibit the natural setting in this context and compute the first examples of representations we obtain thanks to this method. We take this way also the opportunity to review the few known linear representations of welded braid groups.
This article extends the works of Gonc{c}alves, Guaschi, Ocampo [GGO] and Marin [MAR2] on finite subgroups of the quotients of generalized braid groups by the derived subgroup of their pure braid group. We get explicit criteria for subgroups of the (complex) reflection group to lift to subgroups of this quotient. In the specific case of the classical braid group, this enables us to describe all its finite subgroups : we show that every odd-order finite group can be embedded in it, when the number of strands goes to infinity. We also determine a complete list of the irreducible reflection groups for which this quotient is a Bieberbach group.
In a recent paper by L. A. Bokut, V. V. Chaynikov and K. P. Shum in 2007, Braid group $B_n$ is represented by Artin-Buraus relations. For such a representation, it is told that all other compositions can be checked in the same way. In this note, we support this claim and check all compositions.
Let $G$ be a finite simple group of Lie type, and let $pi_G$ be the permutation representation of $G$ associated with the action of $G$ on itself by conjugation. We prove that every irreducible representation of $G$ is a constituent of $pi_G$, unless $G=PSU_n(q)$ and $n$ is coprime to $2(q+1)$, where precisely one irreducible representation fails. Let St be the Steinberg representation of $G$. We prove that a complex irreducible representation of $G$ is a constituent of the tensor square $Stotimes St$, with the same exceptions as in the previous statement.
Let $M$ be a compact surface without boundary, and $ngeq 2$. We analyse the quotient group $B_n(M)/Gamma_2(P_n(M))$ of the surface braid group $B_{n}(M)$ by the commutator subgroup $Gamma_2(P_n(M))$ of the pure braid group $P_{n}(M)$. If $M$ is different from the $2$-sphere $mathbb{S}^2$, we prove that $B_n(M)/Gamma_2(P_n(M))$ is isomorphic rho $P_n(M)/Gamma_2(P_n(M)) rtimes_{varphi} S_n$, and that $B_n(M)/Gamma_2(P_n(M))$ is a crystallographic group if and only if $M$ is orientable. If $M$ is orientable, we prove a number of results regarding the structure of $B_n(M)/Gamma_2(P_n(M))$. We characterise the finite-order elements of this group, and we determine the conjugacy classes of these elements. We also show that there is a single conjugacy class of finite subgroups of $B_n(M)/Gamma_2(P_n(M))$ isomorphic either to $S_n$ or to certain Frobenius groups. We prove that crystallographic groups whose image by the projection $B_n(M)/Gamma_2(P_n(M))to S_n$ is a Frobenius group are not Bieberbach groups. Finally, we construct a family of Bieberbach subgroups $tilde{G}_{n,g}$ of $B_n(M)/Gamma_2(P_n(M))$ of dimension $2ng$ and whose holonomy group is the finite cyclic group of order $n$, and if $mathcal{X}_{n,g}$ is a flat manifold whose fundamental group is $tilde{G}_{n,g}$, we prove that it is an orientable Kahler manifold that admits Anosov diffeomorphisms.
Let $G$ be a simple algebraic group of type $G_2$ over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $2$. We give an example of a finite group $Gamma$ with Sylow $2$-subgroup $Gamma_2$ and an infinite family of pairwise non-conjugate homomorphisms $rhocolon Gammarightarrow G$ whose restrictions to $Gamma_2$ are all conjugate. This answers a question of Burkhard Kulshammer from 1995. We also give an action of $Gamma$ on a connected unipotent group $V$ such that the map of 1-cohomologies ${rm H}^1(Gamma,V)rightarrow {rm H}^1(Gamma_p,V)$ induced by restriction of 1-cocycles has an infinite fibre.