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Register a new userNew test of Lorentz invariance using the MICROSCOPE space mission
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We use data from the T-SAGE instrument on board the MICROSCOPE space mission to search for Lorentz violation in matter-gravity couplings as described by the Lorentz violating Standard-Model Extension (SME) coefficients $(bar{a}_text{eff})_mu^w$, where ($mu = T,X,Y,Z$) and ($w = e,p,n$) for the electron, proton and neutron. One of the phenomenological consequences of a non-zero value of those coefficients is that test bodies of different composition fall differently in an external gravitational field. This is similar to standard tests of the universality of free fall, but with a specific signature that depends on the orbital velocity and rotation of the Earth. We analyze data from five measurement sessions of MICROSCOPE spread over a year finding no evidence for such a signature, but setting constraints on linear combinations of the SME coefficients that improve on best previous results by one to two orders of magnitude. Additionally, our independent linear combinations are different from previous ones, which increases the diversity of available constraints, paving the way towards a full decorrelation of the individual coefficients.
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In this contribution to the CPT19 proceedings, we summarize efforts that use data from the MICROSCOPE space mission to search for Lorentz violation in the Standard-Model Extension.
Possible violations of Lorentz invariance (LIV) have been investigated for a long time using the observed spectral lags of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). However, these generally have relied on using a single photon in the highest energy range. Furthermore, the search for LIV lags has been hindered by our ignorance concerning the intrinsic time lag in different energy bands. GRB 160625B, the only burst so far with a well-defined transition from $positive$ lags to $negative$ lags provides a unique opportunity to put new constraints on LIV. Using multi-photon energy bands we consider the contributions to the observed spectral lag from both the intrinsic time lag and the lag by LIV effects, and assuming the intrinsic time lag to have a positive dependence on the photon energy, we obtain robust limits on LIV by directly fitting the spectral lag data of GRB 160625B. Here we show that these robust limits on the quantum gravity energy scales are $E_{rm QG,1}geq0.5times10^{16}$ GeV for the linear, and $E_{rm QG,2}geq1.4times10^{7}$ GeV for the quadratic LIV effects, respectively. In addition, we give for the first time a reasonable formulation of the intrinsic energy-dependent time lag.
We report on a new experiment that tests for a violation of Lorentz invariance (LI), by searching for a dependence of atomic transition frequencies on the orientation of the spin of the involved states (Hughes-Drever type experiment). The atomic frequencies are measured using a laser cooled $^{133}$Cs atomic fountain clock, operating on a particular combination of Zeeman substates. We analyze the results within the framework of the Lorentz violating standard model extension (SME), where our experiment is sensitive to a largely unexplored region of the SME parameter space, corresponding to first measurements of four proton parameters and improvements by 11 and 13 orders of magnitude on the determination of four others. In spite of the attained uncertainties, and of having extended the search into a new region of the SME, we still find no indication of LI violation.
Missing data are a common problem in experimental and observational physics. They can be caused by various sources, either an instruments saturation, or a contamination from an external event, or a data loss. In particular, they can have a disastrous effect when one is seeking to characterize a colored-noise-dominated signal in Fourier space, since they create a spectral leakage that can artificially increase the noise. It is therefore important to either take them into account or to correct for them prior to e.g. a Least-Square fit of the signal to be characterized. In this paper, we present an application of the {it inpainting} algorithm to mock MICROSCOPE data; {it inpainting} is based on a sparsity assumption, and has already been used in various astrophysical contexts; MICROSCOPE is a French Space Agency mission, whose launch is expected in 2016, that aims to test the Weak Equivalence Principle down to the $10^{-15}$ level. We then explore the {it inpainting} dependence on the number of gaps and the total fraction of missing values. We show that, in a worst-case scenario, after reconstructing missing values with {it inpainting}, a Least-Square fit may allow us to significantly measure a $1.1times10^{-15}$ Equivalence Principle violation signal, which is sufficiently close to the MICROSCOPE requirements to implement {it inpainting} in the official MICROSCOPE data processing and analysis pipeline. Together with the previously published KARMA method, {it inpainting} will then allow us to independently characterize and cross-check an Equivalence Principle violation signal detection down to the $10^{-15}$ level.
BOOST (BOOst Symmetry Test) is a proposed satellite mission to search for violations of Lorentz invariance by comparing two optical frequency references. One is based on a long-term stable optical resonator and the other on a hyperfine transition in molecular iodine. This mission will allow to determine several parameters of the standard model extension in the electron sector up to two orders of magnitude better than with the current best experiments. Here, we will give an overview of the mission, the science case and the payload.
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