No Arabic abstract
We consider the median dynamics process in general graphs. In this model, each vertex has an independent initial opinion uniformly distributed in the interval [0,1] and, with rate one, updates its opinion to coincide with the median of its neighbors. This process provides a continuous analog of majority dynamics. We deduce properties of median dynamics through this connection and raise new conjectures regarding the behavior of majority dynamics on general graphs. We also prove these conjectures on some graphs where majority dynamics has a simple description.
We consider two-dimensional dependent dynamical site percolation where sites perform majority dynamics. We introduce the critical percolation function at time t as the infimum density with which one needs to begin in order to obtain an infinite open component at time t. We prove that, for any fixed time t, there is no percolation at criticality and that the critical percolation function is continuous. We also prove that, for any positive time, the percolation threshold is strictly smaller than the critical probability for independent site percolation.
Abstract polymer models are systems of weighted objects, called polymers, equipped with an incompatibility relation. An important quantity associated with such models is the partition function, which is the weighted sum over all sets of compatible polymers. Various approximation problems reduce to approximating the partition function of a polymer model. Central to the existence of such approximation algorithms are weight conditions of the respective polymer model. Such conditions are derived either via complex analysis or via probabilistic arguments. We follow the latter path and establish a new condition---the clique dynamics condition---, which is less restrictive than the ones in the literature. We introduce a new Markov chain where the clique dynamics condition implies rapid mixing by utilizing cliques of incompatible polymers that naturally arise from the translation of algorithmic problems into polymer models. This leads to improved parameter ranges for several approximation algorithms, such as a factor of at least $2^{1/alpha}$ for the hard-core model on bipartite $alpha$-expanders.
In this paper we state and prove a central limit theorem for the finite-dimensional laws of the quadratic variations process of certain fractional Brownian sheets. The main tool of this article is a method developed by Nourdin and Nualart based on the Malliavin calculus.
Let $mathbf{X}$ be a random variable uniformly distributed on the discrete cube $left{ -1,1right} ^{n}$, and let $T_{rho}$ be the noise operator acting on Boolean functions $f:left{ -1,1right} ^{n}toleft{ 0,1right} $, where $rhoin[0,1]$ is the noise parameter, representing the correlation coefficient between each coordination of $mathbf{X}$ and its noise-corrupted version. Given a convex function $Phi$ and the mean $mathbb{E}f(mathbf{X})=ain[0,1]$, which Boolean function $f$ maximizes the $Phi$-stability $mathbb{E}left[Phileft(T_{rho}f(mathbf{X})right)right]$ of $f$? Special cases of this problem include the (symmetric and asymmetric) $alpha$-stability problems and the Most Informative Boolean Function problem. In this paper, we provide several upper bounds for the maximal $Phi$-stability. Considering specific $Phi$s, we partially resolve Mossel and ODonnells conjecture on $alpha$-stability with $alpha>2$, Li and Medards conjecture on $alpha$-stability with $1<alpha<2$, and Courtade and Kumars conjecture on the Most Informative Boolean Function which corresponds to a conjecture on $alpha$-stability with $alpha=1$. Our proofs are based on discrete Fourier analysis, optimization theory, and improvements of the Friedgut--Kalai--Naor (FKN) theorem. Our improvements of the FKN Theorem are sharp or asymptotically sharp for certain cases.
We derive a new coupling of the running maximum of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and the running maximum of an explicit i.i.d. sequence. We use this coupling to verify a conjecture of Darling and Erdos (1956).